简介：ThispaperisfocusedonthemodelidentificationofaMicroAirVehicle(MAV)instraightsteadyflightcondition.Theidentificationisbasedoninput-outputdatacollectedfromflighttestsusingbothfrequencyandtimedomaintechniques.Thevehicleisanin-house40cmwingspanairplane.Becauseofthecomplexcoupled,multivariableandnonlineardynamicsoftheaircraft,linearSISOstructuresforboththelateralandlongitudinalmodelsaroundareferencestatewerederived.TheaimoftheidentificationistoprovidemodelsthatcanbeusedinfuturedevelopmentofcontroltechniquesfortheMAV.

简介：Anewmethodforirisidentificationbasedonmultiwaveletsisproposed.Bymeansofthepropertiesofmultiwavelets,suchasorthogonality,symmetry,vanishingmomentsandapproximationorder,theiristexturecanbesimplypresented.Abriefoverviewofmuhiwaveletsispresentedatfirst.Irisidentificationsystemandiristexturefeaturepresentationandrecognitionbasedonmultiwaveletsareintroducedsubsequently.Andtheexperimentindicatesthevalidityofthismethodfinally.

简介：ThegeneticcodonUGAhasadualfunction:servingasaterminatorandencodingselenocysteine.However,mostpopulargeneannotationprogramsonlytakeitasastopsignal,resultinginmisannotationorcompletelymissingselenoproteingenes.WedevelopedacomputationalmethodnamedAsec-Predictionthatisspecificforthepredictionofarchaealselenoproteingenes.Toevaluateitseffectiveness,wefirstapplieditto14archaealgenomeswithpreviouslyknownselenoproteingenes,andAsec-Predictionidentifiedallreportedselenoproteingeneswithoutredundantresults.Whenweapplieditto12archaealgenomesthathadnotbeenresearchedforselenoproteingenes,Asec-PredictiondetectedanovelselenoproteingeneinMethanosarcinaacetivorans.Furtherevidencewasalsocollectedtosupportthatthepredictedgeneshouldbearealselenoproteingene.TheresultshowsthatAsec-Predictioniseffectiveforthepredictionofarchaealselenoproteingenes.

简介：The2004SoutheastAsiaTsunamikillednearly5,400peopleinSouthernThailand,includingforeigntouristsandlocalresidents.TorecoverDNAevidenceasmuchaspossiblefromtheseriouslydecomposedbodies,weexploredproceduresofsamplepreparationfrombothboneandtoothsamplesaswellasbothmitochondrialandnuclearmarkers.DespitehavingfailedtorecoverenoughDNAfornuclearmarkertyping,wesucceededinobtainingfullyinformativeresultsformitochondrialmarkers(HV1andHV2)from258toothsampleswithasuccessrateof51%(258/507).UsinganorganicDNAextractionmethodcoupledwithanultrafiltrationstep,weobtained16STR(including13CODISloci,onesexdiscriminationlocus,andtwoIdentifilerloci)profilesfor834sampleswithasuccessrateof79%(834/1,062).Inaddition,bycomparingtheallelicfrequenciesbetweenthetypedsamplesasagroupandotherindexpopulations,weconcludethattheThaitsunamivictimsareacombinedgroupofseveralpopulations.Ourresultsprovidevaluableevidenceandprotocolsforthefutureforensicpractice.

简介：Extenicsisanewlydevelopedinterdisciplinarysubjectcombiningmathematics,philosophyandengineering.Itprovidesusefulformalizedqualitativetoolsandquantitativetoolsforsolvingcontradictoryproblems.Inthispaper,extensiontheoryisintroducedbrieflyandtheprimaryapplicationsofthistheoryandmethodsinbionicengineeringresearcharediscussed.Theextensionmodelofbiologicalcouplingfunctionalsystemisestablished.Inordertoidentifytheprimaryandsecondarysequencingofcouplingelements,theExtensionAnalyticHierarchyProcess(EAHP)wasadoptedtoanalyzethecontributionofeachcouplingelementtothecouplingfunctionalsystem.Thus,theinfluenceweightfactorofeachcouplingelementcanbedetermined,soastoprovideanewapproachforsolvingprimaryandsecondarysequencingproblemofcouplingelementsinaquantitativeway,andfacilitatethesubsequentbioniccouplingstudy.

简介：Fourricesamplesoflonggraintypeweretestedusinganelectronicnose(Cyranose-320).Samplesof5gofeachvarietyofricewereplacedindividuallyinvialsandwereanalyzedwiththeelectronicnoseunitconsistingof32polymersensors.TheCyranose-320wasabletodifferentiatebetweenvarietiesofrice.Thechemicalcompositionofthericeodorsfordifferentiatingricesamplesneedstobeinvestigated.TheoptimumparametersettingsshouldbeconsideredduringtheCyranose-320trainingprocessespeciallyformultiplesamples,whicharehelpfulforobtaininganaccuratetrainingmodeltoimproveidentificationcapability.Further,itisnecessarytoinvestigatetheE-nosesensorselectionforobtainingbetterclassificationaccuracy.Are-ducednumberofsensorscouldpotentiallyshortenthedataprocessingtime,andcouldbeusedtoestablishanapplicationpro-cedureandreducethecostforaspecificelectronicnose.FurtherresearchisneededfordevelopinganalyticalproceduresthatadapttheCyranose-320asatoolfortestingricequality.

简介：Themammalianliverhasaverystrongregenerationcapacityafterpartialhepatectomy(PH).Tofurtherlearnthegenesparticipatingintheliverregeneration(LR),551cDNAsselectedfromsubtractedcDNAlibrariesoftheregeneratingratliverwerescreenedbymicroarray,andtheirexpressionprofileswerestudiedbyclusterandgeneralizationanalyses.Amongthem,177geneswereidentifiedunreportedandup-ordown-regulatedmorethantwofoldatoneormoretimepointsafterPH,ofwhich62genesweredown-regulatedtolessthan0.5;99geneswereup-regulatedto2-10folds,and16geneswereeitherup-ordown-regulatedatdifferenttimepointsduringLR.ByusingBLASTandGENSCAN,thesegeneswerelocatedonresponsiblechromosomeswith131genesonthelongarmsofthechromosomes.Theclusterandgeneralizationanalysesshowedthatthegeneexpressionprofilesaresimilarin2and4,12and16,96and144hrespectivelyafterPH,suggestingthattheactionsofthegenesexpressedinthesameprofilesaresimilar,andthoseexpressedindifferentprofileshavelesssimilarity.However,thetypes,characteristicsandfunctionsofthe177genesremaintobefurtherstudied.

简介：在在癌症的发展和前进考虑genomic混乱的关键事件，在genomic不稳定性和carcinogenesis之间的关联当前在调查下面。在这个工作，我们建议一条引入的逻辑编程途径到为乳癌为进化模式建模的问题。用这条途径，提取能被使用以便开发并且交付最足够的治疗到病人的疾病的阶段的指纹是可能的。而且，如此的一个模型能在位于错误瀑布下面的分子的动力学的说明帮助医生和生物学家在carcinogenesis后面当模特儿。由显示出在真实世界的数据集上获得的结果，我们试着关于如此的假设的知识驱动的确认的进一步的途径给一些提示。

简介：MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是一个家庭(2123nt)突然，规章的非编码的RNA处理了从长(70110nt)miRNA先锋(pre-miRNAs)。识别真、假的先锋在miRNAs的计算鉴定起一个重要作用。一些数字特征从先锋序列和他们的第二等的结构被提取了适合一些分类方法；然而，他们可以失去在序列和结构隐藏的一些有用地歧视的信息。在这研究，pre-miRNA序列和他们的第二等的结构直接被用来基于在二个序列之间的加权的Levenshtein距离构造一个指数的核。这个字符串内核然后为检测真、假的pre-miRNAs与支持向量机器(SVM)被相结合。在331上基于训练真、假的人的pre-miRNAs的样品，在SVM的2个关键参数被5褶层选择有不同5褶层分区的十字确认和格子搜索，和5条认识被执行。在16独立人士之中，测试从3人，8动物，2工厂，1个病毒，和2人工地假的人设定pre-miRNAs，我们的方法统计上在11个集合上超过以前的基于SVM的技术包括3人，7动物，和1假人的pre-miRNAs。特别地，有通常在以前的工作被排除的多重环的premiRNAs正确地与92.66%的精确性在这研究被识别。

简介：Seventy-fivepreviouslyknownplantmicroRNAs(miRNAs)wereclassifiedinto14familiesaccordingtotheirgenesequenceidentity.Atotalof18,694plantexpressedsequencetags(EST)werefoundintheGenBankESTdatabasesbycomparingallpreviouslyknownArabidopsismiRNAstoGenBank'splantESTdatabaseswithBLASTalgorithms.AfterremovingtheESTsequenceswithhighnumbers(morethan2)ofmismatchednucleotides,atotalof812ESTcontigswereidentified.AfterpredictingandscoringtheRNAsecondarystructureofthe812ESTsequencesusingmFoldsoftware,338newpotentialmiRNAswereidentifiedin60plantspecies,miRNAsarewidespread.SomemicroRNAsmayhighlyconserveintheplantkingdom,andtheymayhavethesameancestorinveryearlyevolution.ThereisnonucleotidesubstitutioninmostmiRNAsamongmanyplantspecies.SomeofthenewidentifiedpotentialmiRNAsmaybeinducedandregulatedbyenvironmentalbioticandabioticstresses.Somemaybepreferentiallyexpressedinspecifictissues,andareregulatedbydevelopmentalswitching.ThesefindingssuggestthatESTanalysisisagoodalternativestrategyforidentifyingnewmiRNAcandidates,theirtargets,andothergenes.AlargenumberofmiRNAsexistindifferentplantspeciesandplayimportantrolesinplantdevelopmentalswitchingandplantresponsestoenvironmentalabioticandbioticstressesaswellassignaltransduction.EnvironmentalstressesanddevelopmentalswitchingmaybethesignalsforsynthesisandregulationofmiRNAsinplants.AmodelformiRNAinductionandexpression,andgeneregulationbymiRNAishypothesized.

简介：Identificationofproteinsbymassspectrometry(MS)isanessentialstepinpro-teomicstudiesandistypicallyaccomplishedbyeitherpeptidemassfingerprinting(PMF)oraminoacidsequencingofthepeptide.AlthoughsequenceinformationfromMS/MSanalysiscanbeusedtovalidatePMF-basedproteinidentification,itmaynotbepracticalwhenanalyzingalargenumberofproteinsandwhenhigh-throughputMS/MSinstrumentationisnotreadilyavailable.Atpresent,avastmajorityofproteomicstudiesemployPMF.However,therearehugedisparitiesincriteriausedtoidentifyproteinsusingPMF.Therefore,toreduceincorrectproteinidentificationusingPMF,andalsotoincreaseconfidenceinPMF-basedproteinidentificationwithoutaccompanyingMS/MSanalysis,definitiveguidingprinciplesareessential.Tothisend,weproposeavalue-basedscoringsystemthatprovidesguidanceonevaluatingwhenPMF-basedproteinidentificationcanbedeemedsufficientwithoutaccompanyingaminoacidsequencedatafromMS/MSanalysis.

简介：

简介：Phytohormoneabscisicacid(ABA)wascriticalformanyplantgrowthanddevelopmentalprocessesincludingseedmaturation,germinationandresponsetoenvironmentalfactors.WiththepurposetodetectthepossibleABArelatedsignaltransductionpathways,wetriedtoisolateABA-regulatedgenesthroughcDNAmacroarraytechnologyusingABA-treatedriceseedlingasmaterials(undertreatmentfor2,4,8and12h).Of6144cDNAclonestested,37differentialclonesshowinginductionorsuppressionforatleastonetime,wereisolated.Ofthem30and7wereup-ordown-regulatedrespectively.Sequenceanalysesrevealedthattheputativeencodedproteinswereinvolvedindifferentpossibleprocesses,includingtranscription,metabolismandresistance,photosynthesis,signaltransduction,andseedmaturation.6cDNAcloneswerefoundtoencodeproteinswithunknownfunctions.RegulationbyABAof7selectedclonesrelatingtosignaltransductionormetabolismwasconfirmedbyreversetranscriptionPCR.Inaddition,somecloneswerefurthershowntoberegulatedbyotherplantgrowthregulatorsincludingauxinandbrassinosteroid,which,however,indicatedthecomplicatedinteractionsofplanthormones.PossiblesignaltransductionpathwaysinvolvedinABAwerediscussed.

简介：SomerecentstudiesindicatedthatGABAergicsystemisinvolvedinmammalianspermacrosomereaction(AR),butdirestevidencepertainingtotheexpressionofgatlinmammalianspermisnotyetdemonstrated.Inthisstudy,weevaluatedthepresenceof67kDaGAT1proteinandmRNAinrattestisbyWesternblottingandreversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction.Meanwhile,immunohistochemicalandimmunofluorescentanalysesalsoidentifiedGAT1proteinontheelongatedspermatidandsperm.Theseresultsindicatedthatrattestisisanovelsiteofgatlexpression.FurtherstudiesshouldbetakentoexploretheroleofGAT1proteinonspermacrosomereaction.

简介：以便学习TGF-beta1的结构功能细节，重组体老鼠TGF-beta1的成熟形式在细菌被表示。TGF-beta1(氨基酸279-390)的112氨基酸的carboxyl终端部分的合成被一个可诱导的基因表示系统基于抗菌素T7RNA控制。这个系统允许重组体TGF-beta1的活跃、选择的合成。在减少条件下面在SDS-polyacrylamide胶化上决定的表示TGF-alpha1单体的分子量是大约13kD。连续净化洗与纯化步是足够的净化表示产品到同质的单个胶化过滤结合了。氨基终端的定序表明重组体蛋白质的N终端与出版数据相同。在西方的污点分析，重组体多肽对polyclonalTGF-beta1抗体显示出优秀antigenicity。在这研究表示的成熟重组体老鼠TGF-beta1提供一个有用工具因为未来详细说明了结构、功能的研究。

简介：尽管有它对疟疾的功效，在Artemisiaannua的artemisinin的相对低的收益(0.01%-0.8%)是到这药的商品化的严肃的限制。由外长、内长的因素的artemisinin和它的规定的biosynthetic小径的更好的理解是必要的改进artemisinin产量。增加的证据证明了microRNAs(miRNAs)在各种各样的生物过程起多重作用。在这研究，我们对表示顺序标签(EST)从Arabidopsis和米饭使用了以前已知的miRNAsA的数据库。annua将在A寻找潜在的miRNAs和他们的目标。annua。六潜在的miRNAs的一个总数被预言，它属于miR414和miR1310家庭。而且，八潜在的目标基因在这种被识别。在他们之中，七基因编码在artemisinin生合成起重要作用的蛋白质，包括HMG-CoAreductase(HMGR)，amorpha-4,11-dienesynthase(广告)，farnesyl焦磷酸盐synthase(FPS)和细胞色素P450。另外，为通常认为的AINTEGUMENTA编码的基因，涉及信号transduction和开发，也作为目标之一被预言。这在silico学习是第一显示miRNAs指向编码涉及artemisinin生合成的酶的基因，它可以帮助在A理解artemisinin生合成的调停miRNA的规定。annua。

简介：唯一的肽(杯)的一个概念被建议并且实现了从双人脚踏车团spectrometry(MS/MS)识别整个房间的蛋白质离子系列。唯一的肽被定义为肽，不管它的长度，那仅仅在兴趣的proteome的一蛋白质存在，尽管这肽可以在一样的蛋白质非常出现一次。集成杯，一个二拍子的圆舞整个房间的蛋白质鉴定策略被开发进一步增加识别蛋白质的信心。包括吉祥物和SEQUEST包含Saccharomycescerevisiae和蛋白质鉴定工具的40,243个MS/MS离子系列的数据集被用来说明建议概念和策略。没有实现杯，SEQUEST识别的蛋白质是吉祥物识别的那些的2.26褶层。当杯被使用时，忍受唯一的肽的蛋白质由SEQUEST鉴别那些的3.89褶层被吉祥物识别。由跨comparing识别蛋白质的二个集合，仅仅从杯导出的89普通蛋白质被发现。在识别蛋白质之间的关键差异从每个蛋白质鉴定工具采用的filterng标准被结果。根据杯和蛋白质鉴定工具认出的蛋白质的公共分类的肽的起源，所有识别蛋白质是跨compared，导致拥有分配信心的不同层次的四组蛋白质。

简介：MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是在优核质在许多新陈代谢的活动起关键规章的作用的小、非编码的内长的RNA的一个新奇的班。在Sogatellafurcifera(支持白人的planthopper)的miRNAs的鉴定的报告，那作为唯一扮演的昆虫证实了南部的米饭的向量黑条纹的矮子病毒(SRBSDV)，被限制。在这研究，382miRNAs的一个总数在S被识别。furcifera，包括106保存了并且276新奇miRNAs，用从viruliferous和non-viruliferousS的基于二个小RNA图书馆的高产量的定序。furcifera，和这些miRNAs属于52个保存miRNA家庭和58S。furcifera特定的家庭分别地。多于保存miRNA家庭的一半高度在Hexapoda被保存，有从在miRBase的26昆虫种类和五另外的种的miRNAs的比较显示出那，当另外的miRNAs仅仅在non-dipterans被保存时。而且，为382预言的4117目标基因鉴别miRNAs能被分成基因本体论注解的45个功能的组。与non-viruliferous房间相比，八起来调整的miRNAs和四下面调整的miRNAs在与SRBSDV，miR-14和miR-n98a可以在之中涉及对SRBSDV感染的有免疫力的反应接种的房间被识别。识别miRNAs的分析将在涉及新陈代谢，发展和S的病毒的感染的基因的规定和表示提供卓见进这些miRNAs的角色。furcifera。

简介：ErbB2,amemberofthereceptortyrosinekinasefamily,isfrequentlyover-expressedinbreastcancer.ProteolysisoftheextracellulardomainofErbB2resultsinconstitutiveactivationofErbB2kinase.RecentstudyreportedthatErbB2isfoundinthenucleus.Here,weshowedthatErbB2isimportedintothenucleusthroughanuclearlocalizationsignal(NLS)-mediatedmechanism.TheNLSsequenceKRRQQKIRKYTMRR(aa655-668)containsthreeclustersofbasicaminoacidsanditissufficienttotargetGFPintothenucleus.However,mutationinanybasicaminoacidclusterofthisNLSsequencesignificantlyaffectsitsnuclearlocalization.Furthermore,itwasfoundthatthisNLSisessentialforthenuclearlocalizationofErbB2sincetheintracellulardomainofErb2lackingNLScompletelyabrogatesitsnucleartranslocation.Takentogether,ourstudyidentifiedanovelnuclearlocalizationsignalandrevealsanovelmechanismunderlyingErbB2nucleartraffickingandlocalization.

简介：Withtheexceptionofmatureerythrocytes,cellswithinthehumanhematopoieticsystemarecharacterizedbythecellsurfaceexpressionofthepan-leukocytereceptorCD45.Here,weidentifyanovelsubsetamongmononuclearcordbloodcellsdepletedoflineagecommitmentmarkers(Lin-)thataredevoidofCD45expression.Surprisingly,functionalexaminationofLin-CD45-cellsalsolackingcellsurfaceCD34revealedtheywerecapableofmultipotentialhematopoieticprogenitorcapacity.Co-culturewithmouseembryoniclimbbudcellsdemonstratedthatLin-CD45-CD34-cellswerecapableofcontributingtocartilagenodulesanddifferentiatingintohumanchondrocytes.BMP-4,amesodermalfactorknowntopromotechondrogenesis,significantlyaugmentedLin-CD45-CD34-differentiationintochondrocytes.Moreover,unlikeCD34+humanhematopoieticstemcells,Lin-CD45-CD34-cellswereunabletoproliferateorsurviveinliquidcultures,whereassingleLin-CD45-CD34-cellswereabletochimerizetheinnercellmass(ICM)ofmurineblastocystsandproliferateinthisembryonicenvironment.OurstudyidentifiesanovelpopulationofLin-CD45-CD34-cellscapableofcommitmentintobothhematopoieticandchondrocyticlineages,suggestingthathumancordbloodmayprovideamoreubiquitoussourceoftissuewithbroaderdevelopmentalpotentialthanpreviouslyappreciated.