简介：Copper（Ⅱ）oxideinvaryingratioswascombinedwitheitheranalumina-basedcement（Al300）,orCaOderivedfromlimestoneassupportmaterialinamechanicalpelletiser.Thisproductionmethodwasusedtoinvestigateitsinfluenceonpossiblemechanicalandchemicalimprovementsforoxygencarriersinchemicalloopingprocesses.Thesematerialsweretestedinalab-scalefluidisedbedwithCOorCH4asareducinggasat950°C.Asexpected,theoxygencarrierscontainingagreaterratioofsupportmaterialexhibitedanenhancedcrushingstrength.Oxygencarrierscomprisedofa1:3ratioofsupportmaterialtoactiveCuOexhibitedincreasedcrushingstrengthbyaminimumof280%comparedtopureCuOpellets.AlloxygencarriersexhibitedahighCOconversionyieldandwerefullyreduciblefromCuOtoCu.Fortheinitialredoxcycle,Al300-supportedoxygencarriersshowedthehighestfuelandoxygencarrierconversion.Thegeneraltrendobservedwasadeclineinconversionwithanincreasingnumberofredoxcycles.InthecaseofCaO-supportedoxygencarriers,allbutoneoftheoxygencarrierssufferedagglomeration.TheagglomerationwasmoresevereincarrierswithhigherratiosofCuO.OxygencarrierCu25Al75（75wt%aluminatecementand25wt%CuO）,whichdidnotsufferfromagglomeration,showedthehighestattritionwithalossofapproximately8%ofitsinitialmassover25redoxcycles.ThereducibilityoftheoxygencarrierswaslimitedwithCH4incomparisontoCO.CH4conversionwere15%-25%and50%forCu25Ca75（25wt%CuOand75wt%CaO）andCu25Al75,respectively.Cu25Ca75demonstratedimprovedconversion,whereasCu25Al75exhibitedatrendingdecreaseinconversionwithincreasingredoxcycles.

简介：WereporttherealizationofbroadbandreflectedacousticfocusinglensesbasedonthermoacousticphasedarraysofBessel-likebeams,inwhichtheunitsofphasemanipulationarecomposedofthreerigidinsulatedboundariesandathermalinsulationfilminairwithdifferenttemperatures.Basedontheseunits,werealizeareflectedfocusinglenswhichcanfocusreflectedacousticenergyonaline,anditsfractionalbandwidthcanreachabout0.29.Inaddition,wediscusstheinfluencesofthebaseangleofBessel-likebeam,thenumberofbasicunit,andthevariationofunittemperatureonfocusingperformancesindetails.Furthermore,thereflectedfocusinglensforthecylindricalacousticwavebasedontheBessel-likebeamisalsodemonstrated.Theproposedfocusinglenshastheadvantagesofabroadworkingbandwidth,largefocussize,andhighrobustness,whichmayprovidepossibilitiesforthedesignandapplicationofacousticlenses.

简介：Developingalow-cost,room-temperatureoperatedandcomplementarymetal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)compatiblevisible-blindshort-wavelengthinfrared(SWIR)siliconphotodetectorisofinterestforsecurity,telecommunications,andenvironmentalsensing.Here,wepresentasilver-supersaturatedsilicon(Si:Ag)-basedphotodetectorthatexhibitsavisible-blindandhighlyenhancedsub-bandgapphotoresponse.Thevisible-blindresponseiscausedbythestrongsurface-recombination-inducedquenchingofchargecollectionforshort-wavelengthexcitation,andtheenhancedsub-bandgapresponseisattributedtothedeep-levelelectrontraps-inducedband-bendingandtwo-stagecarrierexcitation.TheresponsivityoftheSi:Agphotodetectorreaches504mA·W-1at1310nmand65mA·W-1at1550nmunder-3Vbias,whichstandsonthestageasthehighestlevelinthehyperdopedsilicondevicespreviouslyreported.Thehighperformanceandmechanismunderstandingclearlydemonstratethatthehyperdopedsiliconshowsgreatpotentialforuseinopticalinterconnectandpower-monitoringapplications.

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简介：Bystudyingthetraditionalspectralreflectancereconstructionmethod,spectralreflectanceandtherelativespectralpowerdistributionofalightingsourcearesparselydecomposed,andtheorthogonalpropertyoftheprincipalcomponentorthogonalbasisisusedtoeliminatebasis;thenspectralreflectancedataareobtainedbysolvingasparsecoefficient.Aftertheoreticalanalysis,thespectralreflectancereconstructionbasedonsparsepriorknowledgeoftheprincipalcomponentorthogonalbasisbyasingle-pixeldetectoriscarriedoutbysoftwaresimulationandexperiment.Itcanreducethecomplexityandcostofthesystem,andhascertainsignificancefortheimprovementofmultispectralimageacquisitiontechnology.

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简介：Inthispaper,photoexcitationprocessesinthebilayerdevicesbasedoninorganicmaterialsandpoly(N-vinyl-carbazole)(PVK)wereinvestigated.Inordertoclarifytherolesofinorganicmaterialsinphotoconductivepropertiesofbilayerdevices,TiO2andZnSwerechosentocombinewithPVK.Amodelforgenerationofphotocurrent(Iph)insinglelayerdeviceofPVKwasobtained.Itisdeducedthattherecombinationrateconstant(Pcomb)andtheionizationrateconstant(γ)ofexcitonsshouldbeconsideredasthemostimportantfactorsforIph.Forinorganicmaterials(TiO2orZnS)/PVKbilayerdevices,inreversebiasof-4V,thephotocurrentof115mA/cm2intheTiO2/PVKdevicewasobserved,butthephotocurrentintheZnS/PVKdevicewasonly10mA/cm2undertheilluminationlightof340nmandthelightintensityof14.2mW/cm2.TheweakerphotocurrentisattributedtotheabsorptionofZnSwithinUVregionandtheenergyoffsetattheinterfacebetweenPVKandZnS,whichimpedesthetransportofchargecarriers.

简介：Thestudyofwaveguideinvariantinunderwateracousticsisoneofattractedtopicsinrecent30years.Theinterferencesofdirectwaveandreflectwavefromseasurfaceandseabottomofunderwatertargetradiatednoiseinherenttheinformationoftargetdistance.Extractionofthesedistanceinformationwillprovideapossiblenewwayinpassiverangingforunderwatertarget.ThetheoreticalanalysisandtheresultsofatseaexperimentsshowthattheLOFAR(LowFrequencyAnalysisRecord)figureinherentlycontainstherangeandmovinginformationofpassiveacousticsources,eveninthesituationthatthereceiverisonlyonesinglehydrophone.Thetheoreticalanalysisofextractionoftargetdistanceinformationbyusingwaveguideinvariantispresentedinthispaper.Itisshownthat,basedontheinterferencestriationpatternoftarget,thehydrophonearraysystemispossibletoextractthedistanceinformationwithquitehigharraygain.Althoughthemathematicalconstrainconditionsinforminginterferencestriationpatternaredifferentforindividualarrayelement,butitisprovedthatthedifferencesoftimedelaysbetweenarrayelementscanbeusedincompensationofbeamforming.Thetheoreticalanalysis,systemsimulationandsomeresultsofatseaexperimentshowanewwayinpassiverangingandtargetrecognition.

简介：Dual-pumpedmicroring-resonator-basedopticalfrequencycombs(OFCs)andtheirtemporalcharacteristicsarenumericallyinvestigatedandexperimentallyexplored.ThecalculationresultsobtainedbysolvingthedrivenanddampednonlinearSchr?dingerequationindicatethatanultralowcoupledpumppowerisrequiredtoexcitetheprimarycombmodesthroughanon-degeneratefour-wave-mixing(FWM)processand,whenthepumppowerisboosted,boththecombmodeintensitiesandspectralbandwidthsincrease.Atlowpumppowers,thefieldintensityprofileexhibitsacosinevariationmannerwithfrequencyequaltotheseparationofthetwopumps,whilearollTuringpatternisformedresultingfromtheincreasedcombmodeintensitiesandspectralbandwidthsathighpumppowers.Meanwhile,wefoundthatthepowerdifferencebetweenthetwopumpfieldscanbetransferredtothenewlygeneratedcombmodes,whicharelocatedonbothsidesofthepumpmodes,throughacascadedFWMprocess.Experimentally,thedual-pumpedOFCswererealizedbycouplingtwoself-oscillatingpumpfieldsintoamicroringresonator.ThenumericallycalculatedcombspectrumisverifiedbygeneratinganOFCwith2.0THzmodespacingover160nmbandwidth.Inaddition,theformationofarollTuringpatternathighpumppowersisinferredfromthemeasuredautocorrelationtraceofa10freespectralrange(FSR)OFC.Theexperimentalobservationsaccordwellwiththenumericalpredictions.Duetotheirlargeandtunablemodespacing,robustness,andflexibility,theproposeddual-pumpedOFCscouldfindpotentialapplicationsinawiderangeoffields,includingarbitraryopticalwaveformgeneration,high-capacityopticalcommunications,andsignal-processingsystems.

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简介：Inthiswork,a2Dcovalenttriazine-basedframeworkwaspreparedbyusing1,3-dicyanobenzo[c]thiophene（DCBT）asmonomertoeffectivelycaptureCO2.TheresultingCTF-DCBTwascharacterizedbyFT-IR,XPS,PXRD,elementalanalysis,SEM,TEM,andN2adsorption-desorption.TheresultsindicatethatCTF-DCBTispartiallycrystallineandhasultramicropore（6.5A?）aswellashighheteroatomcontents（11.24wt%and12.61wt%forNandS,respectively）.Inaddition,theBETsurfaceareaandtotalporevolumeofCTF-DCBTare500m2/gand0.26cm3/g,respectively.CTF-DCBTpossessesexcellentthermalstability（450°C）andchemicalstabilitytowardsboilingwater,4MHCl,and1MNaOH.TheCO2adsorptioncapacityofCTF-DCBTis37.8cm3/gat1barand25°C.Aftersixadsorption-desorptioncycles,thereisnoobviouslossofCO2uptakeobserved.Duetotheultramicroporeandhighheteroatomcontents,CTF-DCBThashighisostericheatsofadsorptionforCO2andhighselectivitiesofCO2overN2andCH4.At25°C,theCO2/N2andCO2/CH4selectivitiesare112.5and10.3,respectively,whicharehigherthanthoseofmostPOFs.BreakthroughcurvesindicatethatCTF-DCBTcouldeffectivelyseparateCO2/N2andCO2/CH4mixtures.

简介：Inthiswork,DSCandSEMstudiesindicatethation-ligandinteractioncanbeutilizedtoenhancetheinteractionofpoly(styrene-block-2-vinylpyridine)[P(S-b-2VP)]andpolyethylenebasedionomer(Surlyn).Thecompatibilityforthisblendingsystemcanbeimprovedbythisspecialinteractionand20/80wtistheoptimumblendingcompositionwithgoodcompatibility.FTIRresultsfurthercertifythatstronginteractionsexistintheblendingsystem.

简介：Inthisarticleavariable-domainvariationalapproachtotheentitledproblemispresented.Apairofcomplementaryvariationalprincipleswithavariabledomainintermsoftemperatureandheat-streamfunctionareflrstestablished.Basedonthem,twomethodsofsolution-generalizedRitzmethodandvariable-domainFEM-bothcapableofhandilingproblemswithunknownboundaries,aresuggested.Then,threesamplenumericalexampleshavebeentested.Thecomputationalprocessisquitestable,andtheresultsareencouraging.Thisvariationalapproachcanbeextendedstraightforwardlyto3-Dinverseproblemsaswellastootherproblemsinmathematicalphysics.

简介：由于短链perfluoroalkyl组的非结晶的性质，使用短链perfluoroalkyl稳定免费精力聚合物是的低表面一项挑战性的任务。在这研究，我们poly准备一系列随机的共聚物(perfluorohexylethylmethacrylate)-co-poly(stearylacrylate)(P13FMA-co-PSA)并且poly堵住共聚物(perfluorohexylethylmethacrylate)-b-poly(stearylacrylate)(P13FMA-b-PSA)，并且系统地在表面上调查顺序结构的效果和氟化的共聚物的13FMA的内容免费精力和表面重组。静态/动态的接触角度角度测定法和水/油抵抗性分析证明随机的聚合物P13FMA-co-PSA不能完成低表面免费精力和低表面重组同时。相反为块共聚物P13FMA-b-PSA，两低表面免费精力和低表面重组同时被获得。X光检查光电子光谱学(XPS)的结果，动态接触角度角度测定法和微分扫描热量测定(DSC)揭示上述性质。当连续SA链提高SA片断的crystallinity时，连续13FMA片断改进表面氟的符号密度，并且进一步妨碍perfluoroalkyl组的表面重组。因此，P13FMA-b-PSA比P13FMA-co-PSA展出氟的符号原子和更好结构的稳定性的更高的利用效率。

简介：在铝合金的测量粒子地以内的空成核被调查开发哪个的一个连续统成核模型在单个粒子规模的reects成核。为异构的粒子分布的一个成核模型用平均成核紧张与Chu和裁缝的连续统模型一起被同步。在连续统模型的参数从粒子域被识别并且在在表金属形成观察的压力状态的范围上被评估。同步连续统成核模型在单轴的紧张，飞机紧张，和equal-biaxial紧张为三测量粒子域与成核趋势完成很好的同意。

简介：DistributedBraggreflectors(DBRs)areessentialcomponentsforthedevelopmentofoptoelectronicdevices.Inthispaper,wefirstreporttheuseofthenanoporousGaN(NP-GaN)DBRasatemplateforregrowthofInGaN-basedlight-emittingdiodes(LEDs).Thewafer-scaleNP-GaNDBR,whichisfabricatedbyelectrochemicaletchinginaneutralsolution,hasasmoothsurface,highreflectivity(>99.5%),andwidespectralstopbandwidth(>70nm).ThechemicalcompositionoftheregrownLEDthinfilmissimilartothatofthereferenceLED,butthephotoluminescence(PL)lifetime,PLintensity,andelectroluminescenceintensityoftheLEDwiththeDBRareenhancedseveraltimescomparedtothoseofthereferenceLED.TheintensityenhancementisattributedtothelightreflectioneffectoftheNP-GaNDBRandimprovedcrystallinequalityasaresultoftheetchingscheme,whereastheenhancementofPLlifetimeisattributabletothelatter.

简介：TheZnOquantumdots(QDs)weresynthesizedwithimprovedchemicalsolutionmethod.ThesizeoftheZnOQDsisexceedinglyuniformwithadiameterofapproximately4.8nm,whicharehomogeneouslydispersedinethanol.Theopticalabsorptionedgeshiftsfrom370nmofbulkmaterialto359nmofQDmaterialsduetothequantumsizeeffect,whilethephotoluminescencepeakshiftsfrom375nmto387nmwiththeincreaseofthedensityofZnOQDs.ThestabilityofZnOQDswasstudiedwithdifferentdispersiondegreesat0?Candatroomtemperatureof25?C.Theagglomerationmechanismsandtheirrelationshipwiththeemissionspectrawereuncoveredforthefirsttime.WiththeageingofZnOQDs,theagglomerationisaggravatedandthesurfacedefectsincrease,whichleadstothedefectemission.

简介：CO2conversionviaphotocatalysisisapotentialsolutiontoaddressglobalwarmingandenergyshortage.PhotocatalysiscandirectlyutilizetheinexhaustiblesunlightasanenergysourcetocatalyzethereductionofCO2tousefulsolarfuelssuchasCO,CH4,CH3OH,andC2H5OH.Amongstudiedformulations,CubasedphotocatalystsarethemostattractiveforCO2conversionbecausetheCu-basedphotocatalystsarelow-costandabundancecomparingnoblemetal-basedcatalysts.Inthisliteraturereview,acomprehensivesummaryofrecentprogressonCu-basedphotocatalystsforCO2conversion,whichincludesmetalliccopper,copperalloynanoparticles（NPs）,copperoxides,andcoppersulfidesphotocatalysts,canbefound.Thisreviewalsoincludedadetaileddiscussiononthecorrelationsofmorphology,structure,andperformanceforeachtypeofCu-basedcatalysts.Thereactionmechanismsandpossiblepathwaysforproductionsofvarioussolarfuelswereanalyzed,whichprovideinsightintothenatureofpotentialactivesitesforthecatalysts.Finally,thecurrentchallengesandperspectivefutureresearchdirectionswereoutlined,holdingpromisetoadvanceCu-basedphotocatalystsforCO2conversionwithmuch-enhancedenergyconversionefficiencyandproductionrates.

简介：Nuclearmassmeasurementsprovidevaluableinformationonthenuclearbindingenergywhichreflectsthesummedresultofallinteractionsamongitsconstituentprotonsandneutrons.Thesystematicandaccurateknowledgeofnuclearmasseshavewideapplicationinmanyareasofsubatomicphysicsrangingfromnuclearstructureandastrophysicstothefundamentalinteractionsandsymmetriesdependingontheachievedmassprecision[1].