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简介：在不同温度的非结晶的CuHf合金的结构的因素由使用高温度X光衍射计的redetermined。theshort范围顺序结构而且中等范围的顺序结构在非结晶的CuHfalloys存在，这被发现不仅。合金融化的CuHf的动态粘性被扭力的摆动粘度计测量。脆弱过热CuHf合金融化基于粘性数据被计算。形成CuHf的能力的玻璃是的试验性的结果表演仔细与脆弱有关他们的超级加热融化。在中等范围顺序结构和脆弱之间的关系过热融化也在非结晶的CuHfalloys被建立了。与supercooled液体的脆弱相对照，过热的液体的脆弱答应一条更好的途径到反映形成液体的玻璃的动力学。

简介：Inordertolocateareasonableheatingsystem,theaustenitegraingrowthbehaviorofNbmicroalloyedmediumcarbonsteelhasbeenexperimentallystudiedatvariousaustenitizingtemperaturesandfordifferentholdingtimes.Itisindicatedthataustenitegraingrowthincreaseswithincreasingaustenitizingtemperaturesandholdingtimes.Particularlywhentheaustenitizingtemperaturewasabove1100℃,austenitegrainsgrewrapidly,andanabnormalaustenitegraingrowthwasobserved.Whentheaustenitizingtemperaturewaslowerthan1100℃,austenitegrainsizeandgrowthrateweresmall.Theactivationenergyofgraingrowthinthetestedsteelis397679.5J/mol.Toensureanabsenceofcoarsegrainsinmicrostructures,theheatingtechnologyofthetestedsteelshouldbecontrolledfor1hat1100℃.Therelationshipsofausteniteaveragegrainsizewithsoakingtemperatureandtimeoftestedsteelwereobtainedbymathematicalcalculation,andausteniteaveragegrainsizewasfoundtobeinagreementwiththemeasuredsizefordifferentholdingtimes.

简介：基于表演的地震工程是由于它写实地模仿结构的反应特征的能力导致了广泛地发达的设计方法论的研究的一个最近的焦点。地震要求的精确预言是基于表演的设计方法论的一个关键部件。这篇论文与中等韧性论述增强的具体时刻框架的地震需求评估。利用简化非线性的静态的分析的精确性被比较在很多个框架上对时间历史分析的结果估计。排水量侧面，飘移需求和最大的塑料旋转被计算估计地震要求。估计的地震要求与在FEMA356的接受标准相比。结果显示这些框架有足够的能力抵抗比限制价值大的interstory飘移。

简介：AnindexingmethodforrapidevaluationoftheseismicvulnerabilityofinfilledRCframebuildingsinJordanisproposed.Themethodaimsatidentifyinglowandmediumriseresidentialbuildingsassafeorinneedoffurtherdetailedevaluation.Followingarapidvisualscreening,thebuildingisassignedaBasicCapacityIndex(BCI);fiveperformancemodifiersareidentifiedandmultipliedbytheBCItoarriveattheCapacityIndex(CI)ofthebuilding.ACapacityIndexlowerthanalimitCIvalueindicatesthatthescreenedbuildingcouldexperiencemoderateearthquakedamagewhereasahighervalueimpliesthatminordamage,ifany,wouldtakeplace.Toestablishthebasicevaluationparameters;fortyRCframebuildingswereselected,designedandanalyzedusingstaticnonlinearanalysisandincorporatingtheeffectofinfillwalls.Effectsofseismicity,localsiteconditions,horizontalirregularities(setbacksandre-entrantcorners),verticalirregularities(softstoryatgroundfloorlevel)andoverhangsontheseismicperformanceoflocalbuildingswereexamined.Assessmentformsweredesignedandusedtoevaluateandrank112samplebuildings.About40%ofthesurveyedbuildingswerefoundtobeinneedofdetailedevaluationtobetterdefinetheirseismicvulnerabilities.

简介：Aneffectivemethodisdevelopedandusedtoinvestigatethean-tiplaneproblemofarigidlineinaconfocalellipticinhomogeneityembeddedinaninfinitemedium.Theanalyticalsolutionisobtained.Theproposedmethodisbasedupontheuseofconformalmappingandthetheoremofanalyticcontinuation.Specialsolutionswhichareverifiedbycomparisonwithexistingonesareprovided.Finally,thecharacteristicsofstresssingularityatthetipoftherigidlineinhomogeneityareanalyzedandtheextensionforcesforthecrackandtherigidlineinhomogeneityarederived.

简介：Cerenkovwakeamplificationcanbeusedasanacceleratingscheme,inwhichatriggerbunchofelectronspropagatinginsideacylindricalwaveguidefilledwithanactivemediumgeneratesaninitialwakefield.Duetothemultiplereflectionsinsidethewaveguide,thewakemaybeamplifiedsignificantlymorestronglythanwhenpropagatinginaboundlessmedium.Sufficientlyfarawayfromthetriggerbunchthewake,whichtravelswiththesamephasevelocityasthebunch,reachessaturationanditcanaccelerateasecondbunchofelectronstrailingbehind.ForaCO2gasmixtureournumericalandanalyticalcalculationsindicatethatashortsaturationlengthandahighgradientcanbeachievedwithalargewaveguideradiusfilledwithahighdensityofexcitedatomsandatriggerbunchthattravelsatavelocityslightlyabovetheCerenkovvelocity.Toobtainastablelevelofsaturatedwakethatwillbesuitableforparticleacceleration,itiscrucialtosatisfythesingle-moderesonancecondition,whichrequireshighaccuracyinthewaveguideradiusandtheratiobetweentheelectronphasevelocityandtheCerenkovvelocity.Forsingle-modepropagationourmodelindicatesthatitisfeasibletoobtaingradientsashighasGVm-1inawaveguidelengthofcm.

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简介：ThesolventextractionofPr(Ⅲ)andSm(Ⅲ)withtrialkylphosphineoxide(Cyanex923)inchloroform,carbontetrachloride,n-octane,cyclohexane,1,2-dichloroethane,benzene,toluene,xyleneandnitrobenzenefromacidicnitratemediumwasinvestigated.Onthebasisofslopeanalysisdata,thecompositionoftheextractedspecieswasdeterminedas(M(NO3)3?2CY923),CY923referstoCyanex923.Thevaluesoftheequilibriumconstantsandtheseparationfactorswerecalculated.Theeffectofthediluentsonthemetalextracti...

简介：Thethermalshockproblemsinvolvedwithfractionalordergeneralizedtheoryisstudiedbyananalyticalmethod.TheasymptoticsolutionsforthermalresponsesinducedbytransientthermalshockarederivedbymeansofthelimittheoremofLaplacetransform.Aninfinitesolidwithacylindricalcavitysubjectedtoathermalshockatitsinnerboundaryisstudied.Thepropagationofthermalwaveandthermalelasticwave,aswellasthedistributionsofdisplacement,temperatureandstressesareobtainedfromtheseasymptoticsolutions.Theinvestigationontheeffectoffractionalorderparameteronthepropagationoftwowavesisalsoconducted.

简介：13earthquakeswithM≥5.0havebeenrecordedinthenortheastregionofChinasince1970,amongwhicheightmedium-strongearthquakesareindependentinspaceandtime.Studiesofseismicitybeforetheseeightmedium-strongearthquakesshowthatsmallearthquakeactivitywasenhancedbeforetheoccurrences.ThoughseismicityincreaseisacommonphenomenoninthenortheastChinaregion,wehavedifficultyinpredictingthemedium-strongearthquakesbythisphenomenonalone.Inordertopredictmedium-strongearthquakesthroughseismicityincrease,thispapertriestoproposeanewmethodthatcalculatessmallearthquakefrequencythroughthechangingpatternofsmallearthquakeactivitiesbasedonthecharacteristicsofsmallearthquakeactivityinthenortheastChinaregion.Theresultsshowthatwecangettheobviousanomalyfrequencyofsmallearthquakesbeforemedium-strongearthquakesthroughthenewmethod,andcanobtainamediumtoshorttermanomalyindexforthenortheastChinaregion.

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简介：在在参考书在中等Mn钢上总结相关研究以后，张力的性质上的二个新目标被定义。一个人两个都是那导致转变(旅行)并且导致双胞胎的粘性(缇)能与一个相对低的Mn内容为钢被认识到，它与更高的Mn内容展出类似的张力的性质到古典缇钢。其它将完成超离频的最终的张力的力量(>1.5?GPa)没有牺牲formability。达到这些目标，新设计策略为作文和处理线路被提出。特别地，因为前者能经由部分再结晶与不同形态学和尺寸生产保留的奥氏体谷物的混合物，温暖的滚动被采用而不是平常的热/冷的滚动过程。因而，保留的奥氏体谷物有大量技工稳定性以便他们能在变丑期间逐渐地转变到马氏体，导致提高的旅行效果然后改进技工性质。最后，它在在实验室生产这些指向的中等Mn钢被接替，他们中的一些甚至比我们的期望展出更好张力的性质。

简介：Thewideapplicationofnewinformationandcommunicationtechnologies(ICTs)hasbeenarguedtobecriticaltobusinesssuccessofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs),especiallytothoseinthedevelopingcountries.Drawinguponexistingliterature,thisarticlewillexaminethedeterminantsofICTsapplicationinSMEsinChinabasedondatacollectedfrominterviewswithtopmanagersand/orownersof70SMEs.Weidentify20factorsaffectingICTsapplicationinSMEsinChinaanddividethemintofourbroadcategories,namelypressures,firmspecificfactors,technicalfactorsandlocalmilieu.WealsopayspecialattentiontotheChinesebusinessenvironmentaffectingICTsapplication.OuranalysisshowsthatlocalICTinfrastructure,externalpressuresfromcompetitorsandICTknowledgeofemployeesarethedeterminantsofInternetapplicationbySMEs,whileproductcharacteristicsandmarkettargetareimportantfactorsofe-commerceadoption.

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简介：Themarinemedium-speeddieselenginesarestartedbytwomethods;oneistheelectricmotors,andtheotherairstartingmotors.Eventhoughairstartingmotorisdependentoftheenginetypesandsizes,ithasbeenwidelyusedinthisareaduetoitssimplicity,convenienceandreliability.Thepurposeofthispaperistogivethedesigningparametersinordertomakeaproper'AirStartingMotor'usingCFD.Theaerodynamicapproachesweregiventounderstandtheinternalflowcharacteristicsoftheairstartingmotor.Inaddition,wehavecarriedouttheinvestigationofeffectsoftipclearance.Inthecalculationsthetipclearanceofairstartingmotorhasbeenvariedbetween0,2.8,4.3and5.7%ofbladespan.Theresultsofcomputationarethetipclearanceincreasedto2.8%,thetorquedecreased24%,andtherewasnomorelargechangeswhentheclearancesincreasedto4.3%and5.7%.

简介：Anovelhybridapproachforearthquakelocationisproposedwhichusesacombinedcoarseglobalsearchandfinelocalinversionwithaminimumsearchroutine,plusanexaminationoftherootmeansquares(RMS)errordistribution.ThemethodexploitstheadvantagesofnetworkraytracingandrobustformulationoftheFréchetderivativestosimultaneouslyupdateallpossibleinitialsourceparametersaroundmostlocalminima(includingtheglobalminimum)inthesolutionspace,andfinallytodeterminethelikelyglobalsolution.Severalsyntheticexamplesinvolvinga3-Dcomplexvelocitymodelandachallengingsource-receiverlayoutareusedtodemonstratethecapabilityofthenewly-developedmethod.Thisnewglobal-localhybridsolutiontechniquenotonlyincorporatesthesignificantbenefitsofourrecentlypublishedhypocenterdeterminationprocedureformultipleearthquakeparameters,butalsoofferstheattractivefeaturesofglobaloptimalsearchingintheRMStraveltimeerrordistribution.Unlikethetraditionalglobalsearchmethod,forexample,theMonteCarloapproach,wheremillionsoftestshavetobedonetofindthefinalglobalsolution,thenewmethodonlyconductsamatrixinversiontypelocalsearchbutdoesitmultipletimessimultaneouslythroughoutthemodelvolumetoseekaglobalsolution.ThesearchisaidedbyinspectionoftheRMSerrordistribution.Benchmarktestsagainsttwopopularapproaches,thedirectgridsearchmethodandtheoct-treeimportantsamplingmethod,indicatethatthehybridglobal-localinversionyieldscomparablelocationaccuracyandisnotsensitivetomodestlevelofnoisedata,butmoreimportantlyitofferstwo-orderofmagnitudespeed-upincomputationaleffort.Suchanimprovement,combinedwithhighaccuracy,makeitapromisinghypocenterdeterminationschemeinearthquakeearlywarning,tsunamiearlywarning,rapidhazardassessmentandemergencyresponseafterstrongearthquakeoccurrence.

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简介：Attentiontotechnologicalinnovationisfocusedonthebeliefthataestheticinnovationcanbeeitherfacilitatedorinhibitedwithinthisopeninnovationsettingwherelimitedprotectionanddynamicknowledgeflowsoccurringacrossorganizations.TheclothingindustryinItalywaschosenasatargetcontext,becausemanyinnovativepioneeringmediumsizedenterprises(MSEs)wereoperatingintheindustryandwedecidedtoadoptaresearchmethodologybasedontheuseofaqualitativeanalysisofbusinesscases.ThedatawerecollectedinthreeregionsofItaly:EmiliaRomagna,Marche,Umbriavisitinginvestigatedcompaniesoversixyears(2010-2017).Fromapartofthenecessityofdeeporganizationalengagementwithintegratedstakeholders,theresultsimplythatfirmschooseamultiplestakeholdersintegrationstrategywithparticularattentiontosupplysiderelationshipsinthesensethattheyvaryintheiropennesstowardsup-streamsupplychain.