简介:摘要目的探讨血液透析患者股脉置管术后血栓形成的相关因素,并提出护理策略.方法研究对象是随机抽取我院2012年5月至2014年4月收治的208例血液透析患者,行股静脉置管术后4周观察超声诊断结果,并将其分为血栓组与非血栓组,分析其形成因素并制定护理策略.结果208例行股静脉置管术后,导管周围血栓共9例,占4.32%,静脉管腔内血栓充填共8例,占3.84%,静脉管腔壁血栓共8例,占3.84%,静脉血栓形成伴狭窄共7例,占3.36%,股静脉血栓形成共32例,占15.38%,股静脉血栓未形成占176例;32例术后静脉血栓形成的患者中,主要因素为导管留置时间长因素共11例,占34.38%,血清胆固醇高共10例,占31.25%,共5例,血浆白蛋白低占15.63%,导管感染共4例,占12.5%,无肝素或肝素减量透析者2例,占6.24%,以上因素与对照组比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论血液透析患者股静脉置管术后血栓形成概率较高,其中导致术后血栓形成的因素有管留置时间长、血清胆固醇高、低蛋白血症、导管感染、无肝素后肝素减量透析等.临床应引起重视,术后积极进行相关护理,结合超声检查,避免血栓形成.关键词血液透析;股静脉置管;血栓;危险因素;护理措施;Abstractobjectivetostudythefemoralveincatheterhemodialysispatientspostoperativethrombosisrelatedfactors,andputforwardthenursingstrategy.MethodstheresearchobjectisrandomlyselectedfromMay2012toApril2014treated208casesofhemodialysispatients,lineoffemoralveincatheterafter4weekstoobservetheultrasonicdiagnosis,anditcanbedividedintothrombosisandthrombosisgroup,analyzestheformingfactorsandnursingstrategy.Results208routinevenipuncturesurgery,catheterthrombosissurroundingatotalof9cases,accountedfor4.32%,8casesofvenouslumenthrombosisinfilling,accounGtedfor3.84%,8casesofvenouslumenatherothrombosis,accountedfor3.84%,venousthrombosisassociatedwithstenosisinall7cases,accountedfor3.36%,femoralveinthrombosis,atotalof32cases,accountedfor15.38%,accountedfor176casesoffemoralvenousthrombosisdidnotformation;32casesofpostoperGativevenousthrombosispatients,themainfactorsforcatheterindwellingtimeislong,atotalof11cases,accountingfor34.38%,serumcholesterollevels,atoGtalof10cases(31.25%),andatotalof5cases,lowplasmaalbumin(15.63%),catheterinfectionin4cases,accountedfor12.5%,withoutheparinorheparinondialysisin2cases,factorsaccountedformorethan6.24%,comparedwiththecontrolgroupwerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).Conclusionhemodialysispatientspostoperativefemoralveincatheterthrombosisprobabilityishigher,thecausingfactorsofpostoperativethrombosishavelongtubeindwellingtime,highserumcholesterol,hypoalbuminemia,catheterinfection,noheparindoseheparinafterdialysis,etc.Weshouldpayattentiontotheclinical,positivelyrelatedtonursinkgeycarweor,dpsostoperativecombinedwithultrasound,preventthrombosis.hemodialysis;Venipuncture;Bloodclots.Riskfactors;Nursingmeasures;中图分类号R472文献标识码B文章编号1008-6315(2015)12-0812-01
简介:目的探究剖宫产术后切口感染的原因以及处理对策,为降低剖宫产术后切口感染率提供参考。方法对在本院2012年4月至2015年4月行剖宫产手术的896例孕产妇的临床资料进行总结分析,并用SPSS17.0统计学软件进行数据分析。结果896例剖宫产产妇术后32例发生切口感染,感染率为3.57%;患者的年龄、BMI指数、夏季产妇、合并糖尿病、4人病房等因素与切口感染有着极大的相关性(P〈0.05);手术时间,术中出血量,手术类型,胎盘早破,切口大小等因素也与腹部手术切口感染有着极大的相关性(P〈0.05);围手术期是否进行预防性用药、是否用抗菌药物对切口进行冲洗以及术后是否预防性使用抗菌药物等也与腹部切口感染具有相关性(P〈0.05)。结论剖宫产术后切口感染是多因素的,对于提高孕妇对感染的自身认识、加强产前指导、围手术期及术后积极用药预防、术前控制产妇血糖以及身体指数等可以有效的减少术后切口感染的发生率,对减少医患矛盾有着重要的意义。
简介:摘要目的探讨脑炎患者低血钠症发生的原因、提出针对性的护理对策,为以后此类患者的护理治提供经验.方法回顾性分析我院收治的57例脑炎患者,对低钠血症的情况及护理对策进行分析.结果57例脑炎患者空腹血钠值为(133±11.08)mmol/L,其中低钠血症者47例.结论脑炎患者并发低钠血症和感染程度以及病程相关,应给予及时有效的护理及干预措施.关键词护理对策;脑炎;低钠血症EncephalitiscomplicatedwithhyponatremiareasonanalysisandnursingcountermeasureYangHuiAbstractObjectiveToinvestigatetheencephalitispatientswithhyponatremiaoccursthereason,putforwardstrategiesfornursingcareforthecareofsuchpatients,treatmentwithexperience.Methodsretrospectiveanalysisof57casesofpatientswithencephalitis,onhyponatremiaandnursingcountermeasures.Results57casesofencephalitisinapatientwithfastingserumsodiumvaluesfor(133±11.08)mmol/L,includinghyponatremiain47cases.ConclusionPaGtientswithencephalitiscomplicatedwithhyponatremiaanddegreeofinfectionandpathogenesisrelated,shouldgivetimelyandeffectivecareandinterventionmeasurKeesy.wordsnursingcountermeasures;encephalitis;hyponatremia中图分类号R47文献标识码B文章编号1008-6315(2015)12-0709-01
简介:摘要目的分析引起慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)合并精神神经异常的原因,以制订有针对性的治疗对策.方法回顾性分析我院自2(012年2月到2014年8月收治的436例AECOPD患者的临床资料.结果53例患者出现精神神经异常症状,占12.16%.其中26例为肺性脑病,占49.06%26/53),11例为低渗性脑病,占20.75%(11/53),9例为脑梗死,占16.98%(9/53),5例为药物的不良反应,占9.43%(5/53),2例为感染性休克,占3.77%(2/53).经过治疗后,45例症状恢复,占84.91%,8例最终死亡,死亡率为15.09%,其中5例为肺性脑病患者,2例为低渗性脑病患者,1例为感染性休克患者.结论对于AECOPD合并精神神经异常的治疗,应根据患者的临床特点尽早明确诊断,及时干预,尽快控制病情,防止病情恶化.关键词慢性阻塞性肺疾病;急性发作;精神神经异常;原因;治疗对策TheReasonandTreatmentofAbnormalMentalNerveofPatientswithChronicObstructivePulmonaryDisease/LIZhongkai,ZHUJia,WANGTingAbstractObjectiveToinvestigatethereasonofabnormalmentalnerveofpatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,andtoformulatethestrategyoftreatment.MethodsTheclinicaldataof436patientswithacuteexacerbationofchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasewasanalyzedretrospectivelyinourhospital.Results53patientsappearednervousandmentalsymptoms,accountedfor12.16%.Including26casesofpulmonaryencephalopathy,accountedfor49.06%(26/53),11casesofhypotonicencephalopathy,accountedfor20.75%(11/53),9casesofcerebralinfarction,accountedfor16.98%(9/53),5casesofadversedrugreactions,accountedfor9.43%(5/53),2patientswithsepticshock,accountedfor3.77%(2/53).Aftertreatment,45casessymptomrecovery,acGcountingfor84.91%,8casesdied,themortalitywas15.09%,including5casesofpulmonaryencephalopathypatients,2casesofhypotonicencephalopathy,2caseofsepticshock.ConclusionInthetreatmentofacuteexacerbationofchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasecomplicatedwithabnormalmental,itshouldbeaccordingtothepatient'ssymptoms,signsandauxiliaryexaminationresults,earlydiagnosis,togivetimelyintervention,controltheillnessassoonaspossible,andtoKperyevweonrtdsdeterioration.Chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease;Acuteexacerbation;Neuropsychiatricabnormalities;Cause;Treatment中图分类号R563文献标识码A文章编号1008-6315(2015)10-0235-02