简介:Throughimprovingtheagingprocessduringsynthesisofthesupport,γ-Al2O3withlargeporevolumeandhighsurfaceareawassynthesizedbyafacilesecondaryreformingmethod.Thesynthesisparameters,suchasthereactiontemperature,thefirstagingtemperatureandthesecondagingtemperature,wereinvestigated.Thetexturalpropertiesofγ-Al2O3werecharacterizedbymeansofN2adsorption-desorptionisotherms,X-raypowderdiffractometry(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),Fouriertransforminfrared(FTIR)spectroscopyandthermogravimetry(TG).TheexperimentalresultsindicatedthatAACHandamorphousAlOOHweretheprecursorsofalumina,whichwereformedviaprecipitationfromsolutionsafterreactionofaluminumsulphatewithammoniumhydrogencarbonate.Theprecursornanocrystallitesgrewandre-assembledduringthesecondaryreformingprocess,whichresultedinanincreasedporesizeandporevolumeandadecreasedbulkdensity.Theas-synthesizedγ-Al2O3materialsfeaturedmeso/macroporosity,largeporevolume(2.175cm3/g),highsurfacearea(237.8m2/g),andlowbulkdensity(0.284g/mL).
简介:Inthisstudy,titaniumdioxidesupportedbymulti-walledcarbonnanotubes(MWCNTs/TiO2)andCr-dopedTiO2supportedbyMWCNTs(MWNTs/Cr-TiO2)weresynthesizedbythesol-gelmethod.Thepreparedsampleswerecharacterizedbytransmissionelectronmicroscopy,X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy,X-raydiffraction,theBrunauerEmmett-Telleranalysis,andtheRamanspectroscopy.TheoxidationandefficiencyforremovalofSO2inasimulatedfluegaswereinvestigatedexperimentallyinafixed-bedreactor.The15%MWCNTs/Cr-Ti02sampledisplayedexcellentadsorptionproperties,andaSO2removalrateequatingto30.4151mg/gfromthesimulatedfluegascontaining2300μg/gofSO2,8%of02,and5%ofH20wasachievedunderoptimalconditionscoveringatemperatureof333.15K,andaspacevelocityof1275h^-1.TheadsorptionprocesswasenhancedbecauseCrdopingmodifiedtheporestructureandinhibitedthegraingrowthofTiO2.Inaddition,theFreundlichandLangmuirmodelsrevealedthatSO2wasmainlyadsorbedthroughchemicaladsorptiononthesamplesurfaces,andthethermodynamicmodelanalysisindicatedthattheadsorptionwasaspontaneous,exothermic,andentropy-reducingprocess.TheadsorptionkineticsofSO2canbedescribedbythepseudosecond-orderkineticandtheBanghamdynamicsmodels.Thepossiblereactionmechanisminvolvedindesulfurizationprocesswasalsoproposed.
简介:针对港西开发区西5X-3断块规模小,断层多且较为发育,井距较大,注采井网欠完善,层间非均质性较强,开发效果欠佳的状况,通过储集层沉积微相研究、低电阻率油层评价、合理井距研究及油藏剩余油分布类型评价,量化了剩余油分布的潜力,在此基础上采取优化开发层系,合理调整井网、井距等技术对策,改善了开发效果.该断块油藏的开发实践表明,结合沉积微相开展储集层研究是进行剩余油挖潜的有效途径,根据剩余油分布特点,重建注采井网结构,能保持断块油藏平稳高效开发.同时,低电阻率油层潜力较大,是油藏开发后期挖潜的主要对象,而高含水期的厚油层,特别是点坝砂层的中上部仍有一定的开采潜力.
简介:针对石油化工装置的大型化、连续化、自动化的发展和安全事故的教训,全面介绍中国石油化工股份有限公司天津分公司化工部实行“安全监督员”的制度,对企业如何科学有效地构建专业化安全管理人才梯队进行了探讨,提出具体的对策和措施,为企业安全生产和创造效益提供保证。
简介:在多年现场工作实践和大量调研的基础上,简要分析了录井在井控中未能充分发挥作用的制约因素,依据现代井控技术特点、理论研究成果,简介了录井在钻前、钻井过程中所能发挥的作用,认为准确地检测地层孔隙流体压力、地层破裂压力和地层坍塌压力,建立正确的井眼压力剖面是井控的基础。结合精细控压钻井新技术的特点,探讨了满足精细控压需要录井技术如何发展等问题。通过简介国内外井底压力测量(PWD)系统,提出录井行业应该及早研制和应用PWD系统、随钻地层压力检测系统、声波随钻气侵检测技术、钻井液进出口排量等在线精确检测技术,建议录井行业应该在精细控压钻井中主动发挥作用,充分体现录井自身优势,扮演主角。在理顺机制的前提下,录井技术完全可以在井控工作方面大显身手,具有无限的潜力可挖。