简介：Basedonnormalizedsix-hourlyblackbodytemperature(TBB)dataofthreegeostationarymeteorologicalsatellites,theleadingmodesofthemei-yucloudsystembetween1998and2008wereextractedbytheEmpiricalOrthogonalFunction(EOF)method,andthetransitionprocessesfromthefirsttypicalleadingmodetootherleadingmodeswerediscussedandcompared.Theanalysisshowsthat,whenthesouthernmode(EOF1)transformstothenortheasternmode(EOF3),inthemid-troposphere,alowtroughdevelopsandmovessoutheastwardovercentralandeasternChina.Thecirculationpatternischaracterizedbytwohighsandonelowinthelowertroposphere.AbeltoflowpressureissandwichedbetweentheweakhighovercentralandwesternChinaandthestrongwesternNorthPacificsubtropicalhigh(WNPSH).Coldairmovessouthwardalongthenortherlyflowbehindthelow,andmeetsthewarmandmoistairbetweentheWNPSHandtheforepartofthelowtrough,whichleadstocontinuousconvection.Atthesametime,thecentralextentoftheWNPSHincreaseswhileitsridgeextendswestward.Inaddition,transitionsfromthesouthernmodetothedualcentersmodeandthetropical-low-influencedmodewerefoundtobeatypical,andsonocommonpointscouldbeconcluded.Furthermore,thechoiceofthresholdvaluecanaffectthenumberofsamplesdiscussed.

简介：原子是保持完整通过象化学契约那样的短范围相互作用和电磁的相互作用形成不同材料和设备。当分子的力学和动力学基于实验潜力能在大规模模仿材料行为时，量力学是强大的在纳米规模描述材料的短范围相互作用，但是在包括费用转移和再分配过程处理弱，例如功能的nanomaterials，塑料变丑，骨折和nanomaterials的阶段转变的机械电的联合。这些问题对需要被延长到货车derWaals距离和更大的空间以及时间的规模的量力学也挑战性。这里，我们使一些的这种机械行为上的简短评论和讨论成为重要功能的nanomaterials和nanostructures，到探查到多尺度的物理力学的nanomechanics和趋势的边疆。

简介：Thedifferencesintheclimatologyofextratropicaltransition(ET)ofwesternNorthPacifictropicalcyclones(TCs)wereinvestigatedinthisstudyusingtheTCsbest-trackdatasetsofChinaMeteorologicalAdministration(CMA),JapanMeteorologicalAgency(JMA)andtheJointTyphoonWarningCenter(JTWC).TheresultsshowthattheETidentification,ETcompletiontime,andpost-ETdurationreportedintheJTWCdatasetaregreatlydifferentfromthoseinCMAandJMAdatasetsduring2004-2010.However,thekeydifferencesbetweentheCMAandJMAdatasetsfrom1951to2010aretheETidentificationandthepost-ETduration,becauseofinconsistentobjectiveETcriteriausedinthecenters.FurtheranalysisindicatesthatannualETpercentageofCMAwaslowerthanthatofJMA,andexhibitedaninterannualdecreasingtrend,whilethatofJMAwasanunchangedtrend.ThewesternNorthPacificETeventsoccurredmainlyduringtheperiodJunetoNovember.ThelatitudeofEToccurrenceshiftednorthwardfromFebruarytoAugust,followedbyasouthwardshift.MostofETeventswereobservedbetween35°Nand45°N.Fromaregionalperspective,TCstendedtoundergoETinJapanandtheoceaneasttoit.ItisfoundthatTCswhichexperiencedtheETprocessathigherlatitudesweregenerallymoreintenseattheETcompletiontime.TCscompletingtheEToverlandoroffshorewereweakerthanthosefinishingtheETovertheocean.MostoftheTCsweakened24hbeforethecompletionofET.Incontrast,21%(27%)oftheTCsshowedanintensificationprocessbasedontheCMA(JMA)datasetduringthepost-ETperiod.TheresultspresentedinthisstudyindicatethatconsistentETdeterminationcriteriaareneededtoreducetheuncertaintyinvolvedinETidentificationamongthecenters.

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简介：用最少的参数，我们扩展任何线性多步方法(LMSM)的步转变操作员直到O([s+5])与顺序s=1并且为s=重写步转变操作员的扩大2(在一份以前的报纸由第二个作者获得了)。我们在conjugate关系G证明那[3][]oG[1][]=G[2][]oG[3][]与G[1]是LMSM，(1)G的顺序[2]不能比G的高[1]；(2)如果G[3]也是LMSM和G[2]是symplecticB系列，那么G的订单[1]，G[2]并且G[3]一定分别地是2，2和1。[从作者抽象]

简介：Neglectingtheconsumptionofthematerial,asteadyincompressibleflowofanexothermicreactingthird-gradefluidwithviscousheatinginacircularcylindricalpipeisnumericallystudiedforbothcasesofconstantviscosityandReynolds’viscositymodel.Thecoupledordinarydifferentialequationsgoverningtheflowincylindricalcoordinates,aretransformedintodimensionlessformsusingappropriatetransformations,andthensolvednumerically.SolutionsusingMaplearepresentedintabularformandgivenintermsofdimensionlesscentralfluidvelocityandtemperature,skinfrictionandheattransferrateforthreeparametricvaluesintheReynolds’case.Thenumericalresultsforthevelocityandtemperaturefieldsarealsopresentedthroughgraphs.Bifurcationsarediscussedusingshootingmethod.Comparisonsarealsomadebetweenthepresentresultsandthoseofpreviouswork,andthusverifythevalidityoftheprovidednumericalsolutions.Importantpropertiesofthermalcriticalityareprovidedforvariableviscosityparameterandreactionorder.Furthernumericalresultsarepresentedintheformoftablesandgraphsfortransitionofphysicalparameters,whilevaryingcertainflowandfluidmaterialparameters.Also,theflowbehaviourofthereactivefluidofthird-gradeiscomparedwiththoseoftheNewtonianreactivefluid.

简介：Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni8是22.5Fe2体积金属性的玻璃(BMG)在以经常的率的连续加热期间被调查。基于Zr的BMG的玻璃转变和结晶化被存储模量E′的大小因此描绘并且内部磨擦Q−1。有温度的这些动态机械数量的变化被互连并且与以一样的加热率获得的DSC踪迹一致好，这被发现。在内部磨擦曲线的第一座山峰的起源是仔细与动态玻璃转变和随后的主要结晶化有关。而且，它能被一个物理模型很好描述，它能描绘原子活动性和机械反应混乱压缩材料。与DSC踪迹比较，BMG的第一座内部磨擦山峰的相对位置被发现依赖于它对结晶化的热稳定性。

简介：石墨材料为一节所有钒氧化还原作用流动电池被用作电极，并且电极被转变修改提高它的电气化学的行为的金属性的离子。合成电极高有的一块多孔的石墨比表面区域和高电流密度。金属性的离子改进了的转变修改的电极能催化V的催化作用行为(Ⅱ)-V(Ⅴ)氧化还原作用反应由周期的voltammograms出现了。这篇文章由电气化学的阻抗光谱学(EIS)学习了修改电极的阻抗，并且同意电极由Co~(2+)和Mn~(2+)修改了，这比修改thenon的电极有一个更低的电嗬转移电阻。平均粒子尺寸分发的效果在Warburg阻抗的斜坡被大粒子尺寸分发减少的更低的频率。Co~(2+)的电压效率修改了电极测试房间是81.5%，它比修改thenon的电极的高。

简介：TheoptoelectronicandmagneticpropertiesofpureHoMnO3andHo0.67T0.33MnO3(T=La,Y)alloysinhexagonalphasearetheoreticallyinvestigatedbyusingthefirst-principlescalculations.TheinvestigationsareperformedbymeansofthedensityfunctionaltheorythroughusingthespinpolarizedgeneralizedgradientapproximationplustheHubbardpotential(SPGGA+U,Ueff=3eV).ThestudiedmaterialHoMnO3exhibitstwoindirectbandgaps:1.58eVforthespinupstateand0.72eVforthespin-downstatealongtheS–GdirectionwithintheSPGGA+Uapproximation.ItisfoundthatthebandgapofpureHoMnO3forthespin-upstateincreaseswithincreasingLaandYdopants.Theresultsshowthatallofthestudiedmaterialshavesemi-metallicbehaviorsforthespin-upstateandsemiconductingcharacterforthespin-downstate.ThesubstitutionsofLaandYforHoinHoMnO3causethestaticdielectricconstant(ε0)toincreaseinthexdirectionbuttodecreaseinthezdirection.ThecalculatedopticalconductivityspectrumofHoMnO3inalowenergyrangeisingoodagreementwiththerecentexperimentaldata.

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简介：Ａ　Ｎｅｗ　Ｅ３　Ｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎ　ｆｒｏｍ　９＋　Ｉｓｏｍｅｒ　ｉｎ　１４４Ｐｍ　ＮｕｃｌｅｕｓＡＮｅｗＥ３Ｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｆｒｏｍ９＋Ｉｓｏｍｅｒｉｎ１４４ＰｍＮｕｃｌｅｕｓ￥ＺｈａｎｇＹｕｈｕ；Ｙ．Ｇｏｎｏ；ＺｈａｏＱｉｎｚ...

简介：用为时期的NCEP/NCAR分析数据19572001，季节的转变在亚洲澳大利亚人的季风区域大规模垂直地综合的潮湿运输(VIMT)展示的climatological在这篇论文被调查。到夏天的从冬季的VIMT的季节的转变的基本特征是夏日的建立“大潮湿河”模式(说出GMR模式)并且它的东方扩大，与发生在“一些关键时期”的一系列climatological事件联系了，它在中间的5月在中间的三月，在在迟了的4月的斯里兰卡附近的低VIMT旋涡的活动，和华南海夏季风的发作在印度支那半岛上包括著名南方的VIMT的出现，在其它之中。在到冬季的从夏天的转变期间，然而，特征被建立主要展出在东方位于热带区域的VIMT带，由发生在“关键时期”的一些事件伴随了。当在季节的变化过程期间从西的VIMT的南方的迁居看了时，进一步的分析揭示印第安人和东方亚洲季风区域之间的大差别，根据哪个亚洲季风区域能容易沿着印度支那半岛的西方的方面被划分成二部分，它可以也表示在二个区域之间的不同形成机制。

简介：Bacterialflagellarfilamentcanundergoastress-inducedpolymorphicphasetransitioninbothvitroandvivoenvironments.Thefilamenthas12differenthelicalforms(phases)characterizedbydifferentpitchlengthsandhelixradii.Whensubjectedtothefrictionalforceofflowingfluid,thefilamentchangesbetweenaleft-handednormalphaseandaright-handedsemi-coiledphaseviaphasenucleationandgrowth.Thispaperdevelopsnon-localfiniteelementmethod(FEM)tosimulatethephasetransitionunderad...

简介：ＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳ　ＡＮＤ　ＳＰＥＣＴＲＡ　ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳ　ＯＦ　ＴＲＡＮＳＩＴＩＯＮ　ＭＥＴＡＬ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸＥＳ　ＤＥＲＩＶＥＤ　ＦＲＯＭ　２，　４－ＤＩＮＩＴＲＯＰＨＥＮＹＬ　ＨＹＤＲＡＺＩＮＥＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＳＰＥＣＴＲＡＳＴＵＤＩ...

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简介：边界层转移一个完全倾斜的盘子借助于热转移大小被学习了。一个热流动传感器被开发了，为表面或流动的各种各样的类型转以便测量对流的热的效率。它在经常的温度的操作允许热流动的直接、快的大小。现在的纸报导传感器的发展并且在取决于外部流动的入射角的边界层介绍它的应用程序给转变的学习。在批评雷纳兹数字和压力坡度参数之间的一种指数的关系被发现了。

简介：Carbazole-basedbi-functionalphotorefractivepolyacrylateswerepreparedviafreeradicalpolymerizationandpost-azo-couplingreaction.ThestructureofpolymerswascharacterizedbyFouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR)andprotonnuclearmagneticresonance(1H-NMR)spectroscopy.Thedifferentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC)andthethermalgravimetricanalysis(TGA)wereusedtocharacterizethethermalpropertyofpolymers.Theresultsindicatethatthoughtheglasstransitiontemperature(Tg)ofpolymersincreaseswithincreasingtheratioofNLOgroups,thepolymerswithdifferentratiosofNLOgroupsstillallshowlowglasstransitiontemperaturesaround60°C,andgoodthermalstability,whicharefavorabletothepracticalapplicationofthesepolymers.Thegelpermeationchromatographic(GPC)resultindicatesthatthesepolymersallhavehigh-molecular-weightwhichisfavorabletothelongtermstabilityofthematerial.Further,thesepolymershavegoodsolubilityinchloroformsolvent,andthesolutionscaneasilybefabricatedintoopticallytransparentfilms.Gaincoefficientsof75cm-1,185cm-1and66cm-1canbeobservedatzeroexternalelectricfieldwithoutanyadditionagentorpre-polingforpolymersP-2,P-3andP-4respectively.ThedifferentcontentsofNLOgroupsresultinthedifferentpropertiesofpolymersP-2,P-3andP-4.