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简介:摘要: 锑(antimony),金属元素,元素符号Sb。在化妆品中,锑元素污染物,是国际上最为关注的有毒金属元素之一。本文对不同类别的化妆品中的锑元素进行检测,结果表明,含有葱粉的指甲油类化妆品及无纺布面膜产品锑含量超标的风险高。通过对化妆品原料-无纺布、葱粉、滑石粉的检测,指导化妆品企业合理选择化妆品原料,制造合格、不危害人体健康的产品。
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简介:摘要:在洋务运动的历史背景下,山西于1898年成立以制造军火为目的山西机器局,后随时局变幻120余载。经历了山西陆军修械所、山西军人工艺实习厂、太原兵工厂、太原修械所、壬申制造厂、西北实业公司机器管理处、华北兵工局修造厂、山西机床厂等多个时期的演变,为民国时期三大兵工厂之一。同时,也是我国至今厂址未变、军工性质未变、主要军工产品未变的兵工厂,是研究山西军事工业史最为重要的基准点。到2021年,中国兵器集团以“保护兵工文化遗产,弘扬人民兵工精神”为目标,开始建设1898太原兵工厂文化产业园。
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简介:Objective:Toevaluatetheefficacyandfeasibilityofscreeningprocedureforuppergastrointestinalcancerinbothhigh-riskandnon-high-riskareasinChina.Setting:Sevencities/counties,representingthreeeconomical-geographicalregions(Eastern,CentralandWestern)inChina,wereselectedasscreeningcenters:threeinhigh-riskareasandfourinnon-high-riskareas.Participants:Villages/communitiesinthesesevencentersregardedasclusterswererandomlyassignedtoeitherinterventiongroup(screeningbyendoscopicexamination)orcontrolgroup(withnormalcommunitycare)ina1:1ratiostratifiedbyeachcenter.Eligibleparticipantsarelocalresidentsaged40–69yearsintheselectedvillages/communitieswithnohistoryofcancerorendoscopicexaminationinthelatest3yearswhoarementallyandphysicallycompetent.Thosewhoarenotwillingtotakeendoscopicexaminationorareunwillingtosigntheconsentformareexcludedfromthestudy.Totally140,000participantswillbeenrolled.Interventions:Inhigh-riskareasofuppergastrointestinalcancer,allsubjectsinscreeninggroupwillbescreenedbyendoscopy.Innon-high-riskareas,30%ofthesubjectsinscreeninggroup,identifiedthroughasurvey,willbescreenedbyendoscopy.Primaryandsecondaryoutcomemeasures:Theprimaryoutcomeisthemortalitycausedbyuppergastrointestinalcancer.Thesecondaryoutcomesincludedetectionrate,incidencerate,survivalrate,andclinicalstagedistribution.Additionaldataonqualityoflifeandcost-effectivenesswillalsobecollectedtoanswerimportantquestionsregardingscreeningeffects.Conclusions:ScreeningstrategyevaluatedinthoseareaswithpositivefindingsmaybepromotednationallyandappliedtothemajorityofChinesepeople.Ontheotherhand,negativefindingswillprovidescientificevidenceforabandoningatestandshiftingresourceselsewhere.Trialregistration:ThestudyhasbeenregisteredwiththeProtocolRegistrationSysteminChineseClinicalTrialRegistry.