简介：GivenanewDouble-MarkovriskmodelDM=(μ,Q,ν,H;Y,Z)andDouble-MarkovriskprocessU={U(t),t≥0}.Theruinorsurvivalproblemisaddressed.Equationswhichthesurvivalprobabilitysatisfiedandtheformulasofcalculatingsurvivalprobabilityareobtained.Recursionformulasofcalculatingthesurvivalprobabilityandanalyticexpressionofrecursionitemsareobtained.TheconclusionsareexpressedbyQmatrixforaMarkovchainandtransitionprobabilitiesforanotherMarkovChain.

简介：Inperiodiccellularstructures,novelpatterntransformationsaretriggeredbyareversibleelasticinstabilityundertheaxialcompression.Basedonthedeformation-triggerednewpattern,periodiccellularstructurescanachievespecialmechanicalproperties.Inthispaper,thedesignedarchitecturematerialswhichincludeelastomermatrixescontainingemptyholesorfilledholeswithhydrogelmaterialaremodeledandsimulatedtoinvestigatethemechanicalpropertyoftheperiodicmaterials.Byanalyzingtherelationshipbetweennominalstressandnominalstrainofperiodicmaterial,andthecorrespondingdeformedpatterns,theinfluenceofgeometryandshapesoftheholesonthemechanicalpropertyofarchitecturematerialisstudiedinmoredetails.Wehopethisstudycanprovidefutureperspectivesforthedeformation-triggeredperiodicstructures.

简介：Objective:Theaimofthepresentstudywastoconstructariskassessmentmodelwhichwastestedbydisease-freesurvival(DFS)ofesophagealcancerafterradicalsurgery.Methods:Atotalof164consecutiveesophagealcancerpatientswhohadundergoneradicalsurgerybetweenJanuary2005andDecember2006wereretrospectivelyanalyzed.Thecutpointofvalueatrisk(VaR)wasinferredbystem-and-leafplot,aswellasbyindependent-samplest-testforrecurrence-freetime,furtherconfirmedbycrosstabchi-squaretest,univariateanalysisandCoxregressionanalysisforDFS.Results:ThecutpointofVaRwas0.3onthebasisofourmodel.Therateofrecurrencewas30.3%(30/99)and52.3%(34/65)inVaR<0.3andVaR≥0.3(chi-squaretest,χ2=7.984,P=0.005),respectively.The1-,3-,and5-yearDFSofesophagealcancerafterradicalsurgerywas70.4%,48.7%,and45.3%,respectivelyinVaR≥0.3,whereas91.5%,75.8%,and67.3%,respectivelyinVaR<0.3(Log-ranktest,χ2=9.59,P=0.0020),andfurtherconfirmedbyCoxregressionanalysis[hazardratio=2.10,95%confidenceinterval(CI):1.2649-3.4751;P=0.0041].Conclusions:Themodelcouldbeappliedforintegratedassessmentofrecurrenceriskafterradicalsurgeryforesophagealcancer.

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简介：Theelasticbehaviorofsaturatedporousmaterialsunderundrainedfreezingisinvestigatedbyusingaporomechanicalapproach.Thermodynamicequilibriaareusedtodescribethecrystallizationprocessofthepartiallyfrozensolutioninbulkstateandconfinedstateinpores.Byphasetransitionatfreezing,fusionenergy,thermalcontractionofsolid,solutionandicecrystals,volumechangesofcrystallizationbuildupremarkableporepressurethatinducesexpansionorshrinkageofsolidmatrix.Owingtothelowerchemicalpotentialwhenporewatermixeswithsalts,fewericeformsinpores.Penetrationoficeintotheporousmaterialsincreasesthecapillarypressure,butlimitse?ectontheporeliquidpressureandthestrainofsolidmatrix.Onthecontrary,theporepressureinducedbysolutiondensityrisesassaltconcentrationincreasesandcausessignificantshrinkageofsolidmatrix.

简介：Thenearly30-yeareconomicgrowthmiraclebringstheconsequenttremendouspoor-richgapleadingstrongdrivesforsocialtransformationincurrentChina.Chinesetopleadershaverealizedtoincreasethepeoples'income,improvequalityoflifeandconstructa'harmonioussociety'askeymissionsespeciallyinrecent10years.Howtomeasureaharmonioussocietyisoneimportanttopicasdifferentmeasuresmayleadtodifferentdevelopmentpolicies.Thispaperoutlinesover10indicesrelevanttomeasureaharmonioussociety.Someareglobalindicators,whilesomearecontributedbydomesticresearchersandarousedebates.Mostofthoseindicatorsrequireconductingsurveysonsocialattitudesundermicrolevels,whichisalwaystimeconsumingwithproblemofdataquality.AsInternettechnologyadvancesprovidewaystorecordanddisseminatefreshcommunityideasandthoughtsconveniently,detectingtopicsoremotionsfromon-linepublicopinionsisbecomingatrendoronesupplementwaytoovercomethosedataacquisitionproblems.Thispaperdiscussesoneapproachtoon-linesocietalriskperceptionusinghotsearchwordsandBBSposts.Suchatrialaimstoprovideanotherwaytosocietalriskperceptiondifferentfromthoseintraditionalsociopsychologystudies.Challengesarealsoindicated.

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简介：Theetiologyofvasoplegicsyndrome(VS)isnotcompletelyelucidatedandtheclinicalimportanceremainsspeculative.MethodsTwenty-fourpatientswhounderwentcoronaryarterybypassgraftinganddevelopedVSwerecomparedwith48controlpatientswithoutVSina2:1casecontrolstudy.Casesandcontrolswerematchedbygender,age(±5yearsold)andoperationdate(±1week).ResultsTheindependentpredictorsofVSwerelowerejectionfraction(OR10.75,95%CI2.93-39.44,whenLVEF<0.45)anddiureticuse(OR8.98,95%CI2.59-31.10)inlogisticregressionanalysis.Conclusionlowerejectionfraction(<0.45)anddiureticuseareindependentriskfactorsforVSoccurrence.

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简介：前列腺癌症(PCa)是在在西方的发达国家的人之中的最普通的癌症之一，它的发生在世界的许多另外的部分更加增加了，包括中国。PCa的病原学大部分是未知的，但是被认为是multifactorial，在继承遗传起一个重要作用的地方。在这篇文章，我们简短首先从家庭聚集和基因危险性的研究考察结果到PCa。我们然后，从连接的稀罕、高外显率的PCa危险性基因的翻新的胎面钥匙调查结果在PCa家庭学习。我们把这篇文章的重要部分奉献给在PCa情况和控制中从基因协会研究总结普通、低外显率的PCa联系风险的单个核苷酸的多型性(SNP)的发现，特别那些从染色体宽的协会研究(GWAS)。这篇文章的一个强壮的焦点是在这些含有的基因标记的潜在的临床的用途上考察文学。大多数这些出版研究用在为前列腺活体检视决定需要从多重联系风险的SNP和它的用途导出的一个基因分数描述了PCa风险评价。最后，我们评论基因分数的最新建议的概念；观点是为基因倾向把它当作一个标记，类似于家庭历史，而非一个诊断标记到从非癌症病人区别PCa病人。到日期的可得到的证据建议那个基因分数比家庭历史是一个目的和PCa的继承风险的更好的测量。这篇文章的另一个唯一的特征是在中国、日本的人口的PCa的基因协会研究的包括。

简介：Theself-extinguishingbehaviorofkerosenesprayfirewasinvestigatedinacompletelyenclosedcompartmentwiththesizeof3m×3m×3.4m.ThespraywasgeneratedbylocatingoneBETEnozzleatthecenterofthebottomwall.AseriesofsprayfirevideoswereobtainedbychangingBETEnozzletypeandinjectingpressure.Theresultsshowthatsprayfireundergoesfourstages:thegrowthstage,thequasi-steadystage,thestretchstageandtheself-extinguishingstage.Consumptionoflargequantitiesofoxygencausessprayfiretofirstbestretchedandthenquench.Inthisprocess,firebasemigratesawayfromsprayregionandleadstotheemergenceofghostingfire.Ghostingfirepromotestheinstabilityofsprayfireandlargefluctuationofitsheight,whichprovideshelptoitsself-extinguishing.Withincreasingtheinjectingpressureorthenozzlediameter,theself-extinguishingtimedecreases.Itisfoundthattheself-extinguishingtimeisapproximatelyininverserelationwithinjectingflowrate.Additionally,wealsoobservedtheoccurrenceoftwo-phasedeflagrationjustafterignition,anditacceleratesthesprayfiregrowthandinducesalargerfireheightthanthefollowingquasi-steadysprayfire.Thedeflagrationturnsstrongerwithincreasingtheinjectingpressure.

简介：Thispaperconsidersaperturbedrenewalriskprocessinwhichtheinter-claimtimeshaveaphase-typedistributionunderathresholddividendstrategy.Integro-differentialequationswithcertainboundaryconditionsforthemoment-generatingfunctionandthemthmomentofthepresentvalueofalldividendsuntilruinarederived.Explicitexpressionsfortheexpectationofthepresentvalueofalldividendsuntilruinareobtainedwhentheclaimamountdistributionisfromtherationalfamily.Finally,wepresentanexample.

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简介：Asmanycountrieshaveenteredanewperiodofadjustmentanddevelopmentalcompetitioninthewakeofthefinancialcrisis,someprofoundchangesandtransformationshaveinevitablytakenplaceintheinternationalstrategicconfigurationandtheinternationalorder.AstheconnotationsandconditionsofChina’snew

简介：Objective:RecentevidenceindicatesthatdysregulationofmicroRNA(miRNA)biogenesisisimplicatedincancerdevelopmentandprogression.BasedontheimportantroleofmiRNAbiogenesisgenesincarcinogenesis,wehypothesizedthatgeneticvariationsofthemiRNAbiogenesisgenesmaymodulatesusceptibilitytocervicalcancer.Methods:Weidentifiedthreesinglenucleotidepolymorphisms(SNPs)locatedinthe3’-untranslatedregions(3’-UTR)ofofmiRNAbiogenesiskeygenes(rs1057035inDICER,rs3803012inRANandrs10773771inHIWI)andgenotypedtheseSNPsinacase-controlstudyof1,486cervicalcancercasesand1,549cancer-freecontrolsinChinesewomen.Results:LogisticregressionanalysesshowedthatnosignificantassociationswereobservedbetweenthethreeSNPsandcervicalcancerrisk[rs3803012inRANAG/GGvs.AAadjustedOR=1.104,95%confidenceinterval(CI):0.859-1.419;rs1057035inDICERCT/CCvs.TTadjustedOR=0.962,95%CI:0.805-1.149;rs10773771inHIWICT/CCvs.TTadjustedOR=0.963,95%CI:0.826-1.122].Conclusions:Thefindingsdidnotsuggestthatgeneticvariantsinthe3’-UTRofRAN,DICERandHIWIofmiRNAbiogenesisgeneswereassociatedwiththeriskofcervicalcancerinthisChinesepopulation.

简介：Marginalriskrepresentstheriskcontributionofanindividualassettotheriskoftheentireportfolio.Inthispaper,weinvestigatetheportfolioselectionproblemwithdirectmarginalriskcontrolinalinearconicprogrammingframework.'Theoptimizationmodelinvolvedisanonconvexquadraticallyconstrainedquadraticprogramming(QCQP)problem.WefirsttransformtheQCQPproblemintoalinearconicprogrammingproblem,andthenapproximatetheproblembysemidefiniteprogramming(SDP)relaxationproblemsoversomesubrectangles.InordertoimprovethelowerboundsobtainedfromtheSDPrelaxationproblems,linearandquadraticpolarcutsareintroducedfordesigningabranch-and-cutalgorithm,thatmayyieldane-optimalglobalsolution(withrespecttofeasibilityandoptimality)inafinitenumberofiterations.ByexploringthespecialstructureoftheSDPrelaxationproblems,anadaptivebranch-and-cutruleisemployedtospeedupthecomputation.Theproposedalgorithmistestedandcomparedwithaknownmethodintheliteratureforportfolioselectionproblemswithhundredsofassetsandtensofmarginalriskcontrolconstraints.

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