简介：摘要:严重急性呼吸系统综合征(SARS)的流行表明，人畜共患病向人类和动物冠状病毒(COV)的传播对公众健康构成严重威胁，因此有必要制定防治对策。由于缺乏对SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19的有效治疗，为了开发更有效的抑制剂，我们发现非共价片段X1249的设计提供了进一步的有益信息。

简介：Wereportedanovelmammalianreovirus,designedBYD1,isolatedfromthroatswabsofpatientswithsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS),in2003.Inthepresentstudy,wefirstlycomparedthegenomeelectrophoreticmigrationpatternsofreovirusBYD1with3prototypereovirusstrainsbypolyacrylamidegelelectrophoresis(PAGE)anddeterminedthecompletenucleotidesequenceoftheS1genesegmentofBYD1bysingleprimeramplificationtechnique.TheelectropherogramofBYD1wasdifferentfromthoseofthe3prototypestrainsandanyotherreovirusisolatesreportedbefore.TheentireS1segmentsequenceofBYD1is1437bplongwithtwomeaningfulopenreadingframes(ORFs).ThelongestORFencodesσ1,thecellattachmentprotein,andthesecondlongestORFsupposedlyencodesσ1s,animportantnonstructuralvirulencefactor.TheterminalsequencesofS1segmentare5'GCUAand3'UCAUC,whichareconsistentwiththoseofothermammalianreoviruses.Thehighesthomologyofdeducedσ1aminoacidsequenceis64%identitywithknownmammalianreoviruses.PhylogeneticanalysisofbothS1nucleotidesequenceandσ1aminoacidsequenceindicatedtheBYD1isolatebelongedtoanewcladeofserotype2group.TheresultsofthisstudyshowedthattheBYD1S1segmentwasmarkedlydifferentfromthoseofisolatesreportedbeforeandBYD1wasanovelhumanreovirusisolate.

简介：摘要目前对于新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称：新冠肺炎）的病程机制和治疗方法的选择等方面仍有许多未知之处。由于2019-nCoV和SARS-CoV之间的高度相似性，从严重急性呼吸综合征（severe acute respiratory syndrome，SARS）中获得的一些知识经验，尤其是患者肺部病毒复制和免疫应答的时间规律和病程的演变特征，或许能对我们深入了解和应对新冠肺炎提供重要的借鉴。

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简介：AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still causing a wide range of infections and deaths due to the high variability of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therefore, it is necessary to establish a reliable and convenient pseudovirus-based neutralization assay to develop drug targeted variants of SARS-CoV-2. Based on the HIV-1 backbone, we generated a high titer luciferase (Luc)-expressing pseudovirus packaging system. Three dominant S mutant substitution pseudovirus were also established and identified compared to wide type in hACE2-overexpressing HEK-293T cells (293T-ACE2 cells). Compared to serine protease inhibitor camostat mesylate, the cysteine protease inhibitor E-64d could significantly block all SARS-CoV-2 mutant S pseudovirus infection in 293T-ACE2 cells. Furthermore, the neutralization ability of two antibodies targeted receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) was evaluated, which showed different inhibition dose-effect curves among four types of S pseudovirus. Overall, we developed a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2, which would be readily adapted to SARS-CoV-2 variants for evaluating antibodies.

简介：AbstractThe immune responses and the function of immune cells among asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection cases, especially in immuno-compromised individuals, remain largely unknown. Here we present a case of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection that lasted for at least 67 days. The patient has administrated Thymalfasin as 1.6 mg per dose every other day from Day 45 to 70, plus 200 mg per dose Arbidol antiviral therapy three doses per day from Day 48 to 57. Throughout the infection, no anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM or IgG antibodies were detected. Instead, the patient showed either a low percentage or an absolute number of non-classical monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), CD4+ T cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), which may account for the clinical feature and absence of antibody response. This case may shed new light on the outbreak management related to control/prevention, treatment, and vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 and other virus infections in immunocompromised individuals.

简介：AbstractSince severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified during late 2019, the sustained spread of this pathogen within the human population has caused worldwide disruption with staggering infection rates and death tolls. Due to the accumulation of mutations in SARS-CoV-2, the virus has evolved into many variants, five of which have been listed as variants of concern VOCs by the World Health Organization (WHO). Multiple animal models of SARS-CoV-2 have been developed to evaluate vaccines and drugs and to assess the pathogenicity, transmissibility and antiviral measures of these VOCs. Here, we review the cutting-edge research based on mouse, hamster, ferret and non-human primate models for evaluating SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the Omicron variant, and highlight the importance of updating vaccines in a timely manner in order to mitigate the negative effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the human population.

简介：AbstractA series of stringent non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions were implemented to contain the pandemic but the pandemic continues. Moreover, vaccination breakthrough infection and reinfection in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases have been reported. Further, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants emerged with mutations in spike (S) gene, the target of most current vaccines. Importantly, the mutations exhibit a trend of immune escape from the vaccination. Herein the scientific question that if the vaccination drives genetic or antigenic drifts of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive. We performed correlation analyses to uncover the impacts of wide vaccination on epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19. In addition, we investigated the evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 under immune pressure by utilizing the Bayesian phylodynamic inferences and the lineage entropy calculation respectively. We found that vaccination coverage was negatively related to the infections, severe cases, and deaths of COVID-19 respectively. With the increasing vaccination coverage, the lineage diversity of SARS-CoV-2 dampened, but the rapid mutation rates of the S gene were identified, and the vaccination could be one of the explanations for driving mutations in S gene. Moreover, new epidemics resurged in several countries with high vaccination coverage, questioning their current pandemic control strategies. Hence, integrated vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions are critical to control the pandemic. Furthermore, novel vaccine preparation should enhance its capabilities to curb both disease severity and infection possibility.

简介：AbstractIntroduction:Liver injury during SARS-CoV-2 infection has a multifactorial pathogenesis and it is frequent in pediatric cases.Case presentation:We report a case with severe hypertransaminasemia associated with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.Conclusion:This highlights the potential need of hepatic function evaluation during acute illness and follow-up even in non-critically ill children with COVID-19.

简介：摘要SARS-CoV-2是引起COVID-19大流行的病原体，对人类的生命健康和社会稳定造成严重危害。在重型COVID-19病例中，病毒感染引发细胞因子风暴，导致多器官炎症反应过度直至衰竭，最终导致患者死亡。最近研究显示，核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3, NLRP3)炎症小体的激活是SARS-CoV-2致病的重要机制，SARS-CoV-2可通过多种途径激活NLRP3炎症小体，从而诱发大量促炎细胞因子释放。本文综述了SARS-CoV-2感染激活NLRP3炎性小体及其分子机制，并总结靶向抑制NLRP3炎症小体的研究进展，为治疗SARS-CoV-2感染提供新策略。

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简介：<正>西医组40例,中西医组37例,治疗包括:胸腺肽80mg/d,左克0.4g/d;普通型者用甲基氢化泼尼松40～80mg.d,重型者用80～180mg/d。中西医组加服“非典”方:生石膏、北杏仁、麻黄、生甘草、知母、金银花、西洋参、丹参等,按急性普通型、重型和恢复期辨证用药,每日1剂,每次100ml分2次煎服,疗程2～3周。结果:中西医组全部恢复正常出院;

简介：中国旅游业遭到了SAＲS疫情的严重打击，三大旅游市场陷入低迷状态。进入后SARS时期，旅游行业首要的任务就是激活国内旅游市场，恢复旅游者消费的信心，激发其旅游动机，以此带动入境旅游和出境旅游的恢复与发展。本文就是在这种背景下，针对旅游行业目前的状况，提出了近期恢复国内旅游市场的一些措施，以及未来中国旅游业发展的一些策略。

简介：本研究探讨了多重PCR技术在SARS病毒检测中的应用.根据香港中文大学在GenBank上公开发表的SARS病毒基因组cDNA序列,人工合成克隆特异性靶基因DNA片段,以此片段作为阳性样品,根据世界卫生组织推荐的进行单PCR与多重PCR检测分析.以单PCR法获得了121bp、182bp及302bp的靶基因片段3条;以二重PCR法获得了121bp+182bp、121bp+302bp与182b+302bp的靶基因片段组合;以二重PCR法获得了121bp+182bp+302bp的靶基因片段组合.结果表明:多重PCR技术可成功应用于SARS病毒的检测.

简介：2003年之春，中国遭遇了SARS病毒的大规模流行，范围之广，程度之烈，危害性之强历史上所罕见。自从首例非典病人于2002年11月在广东省佛山市发病始，在短短的几个月中，非典病毒伴随着现代化的交通工具悄然向全国蔓延开来。先是在广东肆孽，后在北京大规模流行，随后又在河北、

简介：<正>经临床诊断的SARS病例112例,男43例,女69例,年龄范围16-82岁,平均年龄35岁。所有患者在发病后1周内均行胸部X线检查,22例同时行胸部CT扫描。结果:112例患者在发病早期最常见的影像学表现为斑片状磨玻璃影(胸片79.5％、CT81.8％)和磨玻璃影与不规则实变或肉芽肿样病变的混合影(胸片分别为21.4％和14.％、CT分别为45.5％和27.3％)。病灶多位于中下叶(70.9％)并呈外周分布(69％)。CT可见其他改变包括小叶内间隔和小叶间隔增厚(即碎石路样改变)(36.4％)、细支气管扩

简介：BeijinghasbeenoneoftheepicentersattackedmostseverelybytheSARS-CoV(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome-associatedcoronavirus)sincethefirstpatientwasdiagnosedinoneofthecity'shospitals.WenowreportcompletegenomesequencesoftheBJGroup,includingfourisolates(IsolatesBJ01,BJ02,BJ03,andBJ04)oftheSARS-CoV.ItisremarkablethatallmembersoftheBJGroupshareacommonhaplotype,consistingofsevenlocithatdifferentiatethegroupfromotherisolatespublishedtodate.Among42substitutionsuniquelyidentifledfromtheBJgroup,32arenon-synonymouschangesattheaminoacidlevel.Rootedphylogenetictrees,proposedonthebasisofhaplotypesandothersequencevariationsofSARS-CoVisolatesfromCanada,USA,Singapore,andChina,gaverisetodifferentparadigmsbutpositionedtheBJGroup,togetherwiththenewlydiscoveredGD01(GD-Ins29)inthesameclade,followedbytheH-UGroup(fromHongKongtoUSA)andtheH-TGroup(fromHongKongtoToronto),leavingtheSPGroup(Singapore)moredistant.ThisresultappearstosuggestapossibletransmissionpathfromGuangdongtoBeijing/HongKong,thentoothercountriesandregions.

简介：目的通过对SARS事件前后护理本科生专业态度的比较，探讨提高护理专业学生专业认同感的有效途径。方法采用问卷调查法对109例护理本科在校生的SARS事件前后的专业态度等进行调查。结果SARS事件前后学生专业态度有显著性差异（P〈0．01），表现为积极的态度增强，消极的态度减弱；SARS事件前后父母的态度也有一定程度的改变（P〈0．05）；父母对护理的态度与学生的专业态度存在一定的相关关系。结论促进人们对护理的认识是提升护理专业的社会地位，促进护理专业学生专业认同感的重要途径；护理专业自身的完善与发展，是提升护理社会地位，促进护理专业学生专业认同感的根本。

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简介：分析表明：SARS对我国高新技术产品出口的影响主要在二、三季度，预计今年减少出口30～40亿美元，影响出口增长5％～6％；出口增长速度超过27％，全年高新技术产品出口额可能达到900亿美元，约占出口总额25％。高新技术产品出口对外贸出口增长的支撑作用将进一步提高。