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简介：Globally,around6,457weather-relateddisasters,suchasearthquakes,floods,cyclones,andlandslides,claimed606,000livesandaffectedmorethanfourbillionpeoplebetween1995and2015,accordingtoaninternationaldisasterdatabase.AccordingtotheCentreforResearchontheEpidemiologyofDisasters(CRED),since2015,when346weather-relateddisasterswerereported,thesefigureshavebeenincreasing,withapproximately205millionpeoplenowaffectedeachyear.Tragically,thestatisticextremelyelevatedin2017,inwhichcatastrophicnaturallosseswere93percenthigherthanthe2000-2016average(knowledgeplatformfordisasterriskreduction,2018).Thesestatisticsdonotincludecasualtiesarisingfromnon-natural,human-madedisasters,suchaswar,stampedes,terrorism,transportaccidents,andeveninfectiousoutbreaks.

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简介：Thepaperdemonstrateswhyitisnecessarytotaketherestorationofmarinecoastalecosystemhealthasanewgoalforintegratedcatchmentmanagement,incoastalareaoftheToloHarbour.Thepresentgoalofintegratedcatchmentmanagement(ICM)intheToloHarbouristomeetwithWaterQualityObjectives.TheperformanceofanICMplan,ToloHarbourActionPlan(THAP),isevaluatedbyusingmarinecoastalecosystemhealthindicatorsincludingstressindicatorsandresponsesindicators.SincetheimplementationofTHAPin1988,somesignificantreductioninpollutionloadinghasbeenobserved-reductionof83%ofBODloadand82%ofTNbetween1988and1999.TherehasbeenanimprovementinthehealthstateofToloHarbourmarinecoastalecosystemasevidencedinthetrendsofthephysical,chemicalandbiologicalindicators,althoughsomereversefluctuationsinsomeperiodsexist.However,thiscanonlybeconsideredasthefirstsignoftheecosystemhealthrestoration,sinceecosystemhealthco

简介：【摘要】目的 了解儿童营养不良的状况，让儿童得到科学，全面有效地营养摄入，为提高儿童的身体健康水平，为他们成年后的体质奠定坚实基础。方法 对2019年11月至2020年10月，对我市5岁以下儿童营养不良状况进行分组调查，并开展护理咨询。结果 我市有0.81%的5岁以下儿童出现营养不良的状况，儿童保护、日托等社区工作者有所增加。结论 儿童营养状况与儿童营养的摄取息息相关。生长状态旨在评估孩子的饮食是否合理。医护人员应定期监测儿童的生长发育情况，展示科学的育儿营养知识，指导具体的营养实践，帮助家长培养孩子健康的饮食习惯，促进儿童健康成长。

简介：1.IntroductionWiththeincreaseinolderpopulationsworldwide1comesanincreasedhealthburdenrelatedtochronicdiseases.2–4Oneofthemostdisablingoftheseiskneeosteoarthritis（OA）,whichoccursinmillionsofolderadultswhosubsequentlylivewithjointpainandstiffness,leadingtochronicdisabilityandadiminishedqualityoflife.5,6EpidemiologicalevidenceshowsahigherprevalenceofOAinolderadultslivinginurbanandrural

简介：AbstractIn its new roadmap for neglected tropical diseases, the World Health Organization proposes three important strategic shifts: (i) Stronger accountability which shifting from process to impact indicators; (ii) Intensified cross-cutting approaches; and (iii) Stronger country ownership. In this paper we discuss the implementation of these three strategies in the setting of a high onchocerciasis disease burden in South Sudan.

简介：NiXinischiefphysician,professoranddoctoralsupervisor.HeisDirectorofBeijingChildren'sHospitalaffiliatedwithCapitalMedicalUniversity;DirectorofBeijingResearchInstituteofPediatrics;DeputyDeanofE.N.T.DepartmentinCapitalMedicalUniversity;ViceChairmanofSocietyofHeadandNeckSurgeryofChineseAnti-

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简介：Background:Motorcompetenceandhealth-relatedfitnessareimportantcomponentsforthedevelopmentandmaintenanceofahealthylifestyleinchildren.Thisstudyexaminedcross-culturalperformancesonmotorcompetenceandhealth-relatedfitnessbetweenPortugueseandU.S.children.Methods:Portuguese(n=508;10.14±2.13years,mean±SD)andU.S.(n=710;9.48±1.62years)childrenperformedtestsofcardiorespiratoryfitness(ProgressiveAerobicCardiovascularEnduranceRun),upperbodystrength(handgrip),locomotorskillperformance(standinglongjump),andobjectprojectionskillperformance(throwingandkicking).PortugueseandU.S.childrenweredividedinto2agegroups(6à9and10à13years)fordataanalysispurposes.Atwoàfactoroneàwayanalysisofcovariance(ANOVA)wasconductedwiththeProgressiveAerobicCardiovascularEnduranceRun,handgrip,standinglongjumpscores,kicking,andthrowingspeed(km/h)asdependentvariables.Results:ResultsindicatedthatPortuguesechildren,irrespectiveofsex,presentedbetterperformancesinlocomotorandcardiorespiratoryperformance(standinglongjumpandProgressiveAerobicCardiovascularEnduranceRun)thanU.S.childreninbothagebands.U.S.childrenoutperformedPortuguesechildrenduringthrowingandhandgriptests.Kickingtestspresentedgenderdifferences:PortugueseboysandU.S.girlsoutperformedtheirinternationallymatchedcounterparts.Conclusion:Culturaldifferencesinphysicaleducationcurriculaandsportsparticipationmayimpactdifferencesinmotorcompetenceandfitnessdevelopmentinthesecountries.

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简介：河健康能被定义为河流的精力来源，水质量，流动政体，产地和生物区系匹配自然条件到的度。在一条健康的河里，物理过程和形式遗体活跃地连接了并且能互相调整、生物社区有差异的自然层次并且对环境应力有弹性。物理差异和生物多样性影响河健康。物理差异被水文学，hydraulics，和底层管理，在河隧道和邻近的泛滥平原的几何学思考了它为水、河边的有机体创造产地。生物多样性被象竞争和predation那样的生物过程管理，但是生物多样性也反映产地，以及连接的差异，丰富和稳定性。在一个河走廊以内的连接包括纵、侧面、垂直的尺寸。当任何这些交往的部件被人的活动损害，河健康衰退。水坝的累积效果和河的另外的人的改变主要是直接减少物理差异和连接，它间接地减少生物多样性。在水坝影响的河里的物理差异和生物多样性的恢复和维护要求在流动和沉积的驱动程序变量之间的确定的关系供应，和产地，连接，和生物社区的反应变量。这些关系能拿阀值的形式(例如，streambed沉积的乘火车)或反应曲线(例如，泛滥平原淹没的鱼生物资源对程度和持续时间)。我在西方的美国从怀俄明，科罗拉多，和亚利桑那使用例子说明怎么确定在在河里的司机和反应变量之间的关系由水坝影响了。

简介：A21－dincubationexperimentwasconductedundercontrolledlaboratoryconditionstostudytheeffectsofelevatedtemperatures(10,25,and40℃)onsomemicrobiologicalandbiochemicalpropertiesinfloodedpaddysoilamendedorunamendedwithureaat100μgNg^-1soiland/orinsecticide(triazophos)atfieldrate(FR).Enhancementsintemperatureledtoincreasetheelectrontransportsystem(ETS)/dehydrogenaseactivityandphospholipidcontentsofthesoil,whilesoilorganicmatterphenolandproteincontentsdecreasedwithincreasingtenperaturewithorwihtouttheadditionofinputs.Anincereaseoftemperaturefrom10℃to25or40℃enhancedtheETSactivity2folds(onavergaeforallsoils),whiletheinclusionofNandinsecticideincreasedanddecreasedit,respectively,comparedtothecontrol.Thesoilphenolandproteincontentswerehighlycorrelatedwithtemperatures(forallsoils,r=-0.936and-0.971,respectively)andtheadditionsofNandinsecticideproducedslightreductionsandenhancemetnsinthem,respectively,Ataparticulartempeature,thesoilproteincontentsremainedunaffectedamongallthesoiltreatments.AnoverallslightincreaseinphospholipidcontentswithNandasmalldeclinewithinsecticideadditionwerenoticedagainsttheuntreatedsoil.thetoxcityoffertilizerandinsecticidedecrasedastheincubationtemperatureincreasedsuggestingfasterdegradationofagrochemicalswithraisingtemperature.

简介：这研究在不肥沃的人在精液参数上调查了精索静脉曲张的效果基于新人的精液的考试的2010世界健康组织实验室手册。精液分析结果(体积，精子计数，活动性，和形态学)是主要结果。收集数据的电子搜索用Medline/PubMed被进行，SJU发现，并且Google学者数据库。我们寻找了从2010出版到2015年8月的文章，即，在出版以后2010用手。我们包括了仅仅报导成年的不肥沃的人的实际精液参数与临床的精索静脉曲张诊断了并且包含了没与精索静脉曲张被诊断的肥沃的人或normozoospermic人的一个控制组的那些研究。十研究在元分析被包括，包含1232个人。精索静脉曲张与减少的精子计数被联系(吝啬的差别：−；44.48×；106ml−1；95%CI：−；61.45，−；27.51×；106ml−1；P<；0.001)，活动性(吝啬的差别：−；26.67%；95%CI：−；34.27，−；19.08；P<；0.001)，并且形态学(吝啬的差别：−；19.68%；95%CI：−；29.28，−；10.07；P<；0.001)然而并非精液体积(吝啬的差别：−；0.23ml；95%CI：−；0.64，0.17)。亚群分析显示效果的大小被控制子类型影响然而并非实验室手册编辑为精液评价使用了。我们断定那精索静脉曲张是否定地在精液参数上影响精液质量，而是观察分享的效果尺寸的一个重要风险因素不似乎被WHO实验室手册编辑影响。在2010仍然为精液分析利用了1999手册以后，出版的研究的给定的大多数，进一步的研究被要求充分理解临床的含意2010在精索静脉曲张和精液参数之间的协会上的实验室手册。

简介：Recentdevelopmentsincomputationalsciencesandcomputermodelinghaveallowedemergencypreparednessexercisestoincludesimulationmodelsassupportingtools.Thesesimulationmodelsaregenerallybuiltforpredictingtemporalandgeographicpatternsofdiseasespread.Howeversoleuseofsimulationmodelsinexercisedesignfallsshortintermsofincorporatingpolicydecisionmakers'preferencesintodecision-makingprocesses.Inthispaper,ageneralframeworkforexercisingpublichealthpreparednessplanswithadecisionsupportsystemispresentedtointegrateestimationofkeyepidemiologicalparameterswithasystemdynamicsmodelofanoutbreak.Amulti-criteriadecisionmakingframework,anAnalyticalHierarchyProcessmodel,isthendevelopedandintegratedwiththesimulationmodeltohelppublichealthpolicymakersprioritizetheirresponsegoalsandevaluatemitigationstrategiesinatable-topexerciseenvironment.

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简介：Abstract: This article is a research paper on the impact of occupational stress on women's mental health and coping strategies.

简介：AbstractBackground:COVID-19 can lead to increased psychological symptoms such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among patients with COVID-19. Based on the previous mindfulness-based interventions proved to be effective, this protocol reports a design of a randomized controlled trial aiming to explore the efficacy and possible mechanism of a mindful living with challenge (MLWC) intervention developed for COVID-19 survivors in alleviating their psychological problems caused by both the disease and the pandemic.Methods:In April 2021, more than 1600 eligible participants from Hubei Province of China will be assigned 1:1 to an online MLWC intervention group or a waitlist control group. All participants will be asked to complete online questionnaires at baseline, post-program, and 3-month follow-up. The differences of mental health status (e.g. PTSD) and physical symptoms including fatigue and sleeplessness between the COVID-19 survivors who receiving the online MLWC intervention and the control group will be assessed. In addition, the possible mediators and moderators of the link between the MLWC intervention and target outcomes will be evaluated by related verified scales, such as the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Data will be analyzed based on an intention-to-treat approach, and SPSS software will be used to perform statistical analysis.Discussion:The efficacy and potential mechanism of MLWC intervention in improving the quality of life and psychological status of COVID-19 survivors in China are expected to be reported. Findings from this study will shed light on a novel and feasible model in improving the psychological well-being of people during such public health emergencies.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), ChiCTR2000037524; Registered on August 29, 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=60034.

简介：AbstractBackground:HIV/AIDS has transformed into a chronic controllable but not yet curable infectious disease as other chronic diseases to some extent. The additional of so called fourth 90% that included the improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for people living with HIV (PLWHIV) required solutions beyond antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression. This study will explore the role of personality, social economic and prevention strategy effection on HRQoL among people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV aged more than 16 years old in the 10 municipalities in Yunnan Province, China from October 2019 to May 2020, enrolling total 1997 participants. Individual-level HRQoL data were measured by 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). We assembled municipal-level data about social economic from Yunnan Statistical Yearbook in 2020 and strategy practice information from the self-evaluation system. We used the principal component analysis to build the social economic and strategy effect on each area respectively and one-way ANOVA was used to perform univariate analysis to identify the predictors with significant differences. Finally we used multi-level model (MLM) to explore the personality, social economic and strategy effects in health-related quality of life among PLWHIV.Results:The global score for quality of life measured using EQ-5D-5L had an estimated mean score (standard deviation, SD) of 0.901 ± 0.146. The HRQoL score measured using PCS-12 had an estimated mean score (SD) of 46.62 ± 8.55. The mean MCS-12 score (SD) was estimated to be 47.80 ± 9.71 . The area-level predictors explained a proportion of 13.6-17.2% for the between-area variation of the HRQoL scores, regardless of the total HRQoL, physical component and mental component. The impacts of stigma (P < 0.01), social support (P < 0.001), anxiety (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.05) and social economic status (P < 0.05) on HRQoL at the individual-level were significantly different. The plots visualized the impact of individual-level factors on a respondent’s HRQoL was modified by the area-level characteristics.Conclusions:The study identified the possible strategy determinant of individual HRQoL of PLWHIV and also the area effect on HRQoL. Stigma, social support, anxiety, depression and social economic status were the individual-level determinants on HRQoL. These could be a valuable resource for evaluating the overall health of the areas and help improve local decision making.