简介：摘要BACKGROUNDCorona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is quickly spreading, putting under heavy stress health systems worldwide and especially Intensive Care Units (ICU). Rehabilitation Units have a crucial role in reducing disability in order to reintroduce patients in the community.OBJECTIVETo characterize pulmonary function and disability status and to propose an early rehabilitation protocol in a cohort of post-acute COVID-19 patients admitted to an Italian Rehabilitation Unit.METHODSDemographic, anamnestic and clinical characteristics, laboratory exams and medical imaging findings were collected for the entire cohort. Outcome measures evaluated at the admission in Rehabilitation Unit were: type of respiratory supports needed, fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), FIO2/PaO2, Barthel Index (BI), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnoea Scale, and 6-Minute Walking Test (6-MWT). Furthermore, we proposed an early rehabilitation protocol for COVID-19 patients based on baseline FiO2.RESULTSWe included 32 post-acute COVID-19 patients (22 male and 10 female), mean aged 72.6±10.9 years. BI was 45.2±27.6, with patients in need of higher FIO2 (≥ 40%) showing lower values: 39.6±25.7 vs 53.3±29.3. All patients had grade 4 or 5 on the mMRC Dyspnoea Scale. Only 14 COVID-19 patients were able to walk (43.7%). 6-MWT was feasible in 6 (18.8%) patients with a mean distance of 45.0±100.6 meters.CONCLUSIONSTaken together, our findings suggest that post-acute COVID-19 patients suffered from dyspnoea and shortness of breath even for minimal activities, with a resulting severe disability, and only a few of them were able to perform 6-MWT with poor results. An early rehabilitation protocol was proposed according to the baseline conditions of the patients.

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简介：AbstractBackground:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence among student men who have sex with men (MSM) in college is more than 5.0% and keeps on increasing in China. This study aims to clarify the proportion of HIV recent infection, its propeller and the source among college student MSM.Methods:We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in seven major Chinese cities during 2012-2013. HIV recent infections (≤168 days) and incidence was measured and estimated by BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) testing strategy. HIV-related behaviors and transmitted drug resistance (TDR) were investigated and compared between the college student MSM, < 25-year-old non-student youth MSM (NSYM), and ≥25-year-old non-student non-youth MSM (NSNYM), using structured survey, and analyses of drug resistance.Results:Overall, 4496 (4496/4526, 99.3%) were eligible for enrollment, comprising 565 college student MSM, 1094 NSYM, and 2837 NSNYM. The proportion of HIV recent infection were 70.3% (26/37), 50.8% (65/128) and 35.1% (95/271), the HIV incidence rate were 10.0 (95% CI: 6.2-13.9)/100 person-year (PY), 12.9 (95% CI: 9.8-16.1 )/100PY, 6.8 (95% CI: 5.4-8.2)/100 PY, and TDR prevalences were 7.4% (2/27), 2.0%, (2/98) and 4.9% (11/226), among student MSM, NSYM, and NSNYM, respectively. Among HIV positive student MSM with age <21 years, the proportion of HIV recent infection is 90.9% (10/11). Factors independently associated with HIV recent infection in student MSM was usage of recreational drug in the past 6 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.0-5.8).Conclusions:College student MSM had higher proportion of HIV recent infection and TDR than the youth and older MSM in China during 2012-2013. The HIV infections were more likely to happen during the early year of college life among student MSM.

简介：Thispaperstudiesfactorsinfluencingrural-urbanlabormigrationinChina,particularlytheimplementationofruralcooperativemedicalinsurance(RCMI)intheyear2003.Withthesupportofdataanalysisfromtheyear2000,2004and2006,clearlinearcorrelationsarefoundbetweengender,income,healthconditionandrural-urbanlaborflow,whereastheimpactofeducationandemploymentstatusaremorecomplicated.Moreimportantly,resultsfromregressionshowthattheestablishmentofRCMIincountrysideofChinanotonlyinhibitsruralresidentsfromseekingemploymentoutsidethevillage,butalsopullsbackruralpeoplewhohavealreadyworkedincities.Whenregionaldimensionisconcerned,thepurecompositeeffectofRCMIonrurallaborflowislesssignificantincoastalareaswithbettereconomicperformanceandmedicalservice.

简介：AbstractBackground:Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is the most common monogenic diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MODY in phenotypic type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among Chinese young adults.Methods:From April 2015 to October 2017, this cross-sectional study involved 2429 consecutive patients from 46 hospitals in China, newly diagnosed between 15 years and 45 years, with T2DM phenotype and negative for standardized glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody at the core laboratory. Sequencing using a custom monogenic diabetes gene panel was performed, and variants of 14 MODY genes were interpreted as per current guidelines.Results:The survey determined 18 patients having genetic variants causing MODY (6 HNF1A, 5 GCK, 3 HNF4A, 2 INS, 1 PDX1, and 1 PAX4). The prevalence of MODY was 0.74% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-1.08%). The clinical characteristics of MODY patients were not specific, 72.2% (13/18) of them were diagnosed after 35 years, 47.1% (8/17) had metabolic syndrome, and only 38.9% (7/18) had a family history of diabetes. No significant difference in manifestations except for hemoglobin A1c levels was found between MODY and non-MODY patients.Conclusion:The prevalence of MODY in young adults with phenotypic T2DM was 0.74%, among which HNF1A-, GCK-, and HNF4A-MODY were the most common subtypes. Clinical features played a limited role in the recognition of MODY.

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简介：TherecentpublicationbyChekroudetal.inLancetPsychiatryfocusesontherelationshipbetweenphysicalexerciseandmentalhealth.Mentalhealthisdefinedasoptimalpersonalfunctioning"resultinginproductiveactivities,fulfillingrelationshipswithotherpeople,andtheabilitytoadapttochangeandtocopewithadversity".(p.4)Recently,mentalhealthhasnolongerbeendescribedasadichotomousstatebutasacontinuum,withpersonalmentalstatesrangingfromhighlyfunctionaltomentallyill.

简介：Thispaperconsidersakindofstronglycoupledcrossdiffusionparabolicsystem,whichcanbeusedasthemulti-dimensionalLyumkisenergytransportmodelinsemiconductorscience.Theglobalexistenceandlargetimebehaviorareobtainedforsmoothsolutiontotheinitialboundaryvalueproblem.Whentheinitialdataareasmallperturbationofanisothermalstationarysolution,thesmoothsolutionoftheproblemundertheinsulatingboundarycondition,convergestothatstationarysolutionexponentiallyfastastimegoestoinfinity.

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简介：客观:cross-linked生产，它被准备由哈并且cross-linking代理人STMP，EDC，通过cross-linking反应的GP，可能在药交货系统(DDS)被使用。保证临床的申请的安全，优秀性质象没有房间毒性那样，nonirritant，没有将军毒性，没有免疫学的拒绝是必要的。方法:根据GB/T的请求，16886.1在医药biomaterials，房间毒性测试，溶血测试，intracutaneous刺激测试，尖锐毒性测试，和过分敏感的测试的安全评估上被要求。结果：HA-STMP的房间毒性，HA-EDC，HA-GP都是不到1。所有过分敏感的测试是合格的。但是HA-EDC，忽视的生产的不同的度激动的HA-GP，细微毒性，溶血率，它比标准价值大。结论:HA-STMP拥有赞成biocompatibility，它是一种理想的biomaterials和药搬运人。

简介：Themixingcharacteristicsofparticlessuchasdredgedsedimentofvariablesizedischargedintocrossflowarestudiedbya3Dnumericalmodel,whichisdevelopedtomodeltheparticle-fluidtwo-phaseflow.TheEulerianmethodwiththemodifiedk-εparameterizationofturbulenceforthefluidphaseisusedtosolvefluidphase,whileaLagrangianmethodforthesolidphase(particles),boththeprocessesarecoupledthroughthemomentumsources.Inthemodelthewaketurbulenceinducedbyparticleshasbeenincludedasadditionalsourceterminthek-εmodel;andthevariabledriftvelocitiesoftheparticlesaretreatedefficientlybytheLagrangianmethodinwhichtheparticlesaretrackedexplicitlyandthediffusionprocessisapproximatedbyarandomwalkmodel.Thehydrodynamicbehaviorofdumpingacloudofparticlesisgovernedbythetotalbuoyancyofthecloud,thedragforceoneachparticleandthevelocityofcross-flow.Thecomputedresultsshowaroughlylinearrelationshipbetweenthedisplacementofthefrontalpositionandthelongitudinalwidthoftheparticlecloud.Theparticlesizeinthecloudandthevelocityofcrossflowdominatetheflowbehavior.Thecomputedresultsarecomparedwiththeresultsoflaboratoryexperimentsandsatisfactoryagreementisobtained.

简介：BasedonTianetal.'stheoreticalmodelofmicrowavescattering,byusingthewindwavespectrumsuggestedbyFungetal.,numericalresultsofpolarizedback-scatteringwerecalculated.Thequantitativerelationshipsbetweenthecalculatedbackscatteringcross-sectionandtheenvironmentalparameters,suchaswindspeeds,azimuthalanglesandincidenceangles,werestudied.Comparedwiththetraditionaltwo-scalescatteringmodel,theresultsaremuchmorecoincidentwiththeobservationsundertheconditionofmoderateincidenceangles,whichisveryusefultomakeupforthetwo-scalemodel.Tomakethenewcalculationmodeltobeusedconvenientlyinthepractice,itssimplifiedformwasproposed.

简介：客观:在乙醇的媒介(非极)，是的STMP和ADH，以由没有一个胶化阶段，得到稳定的cross-linked产品准备药交货microspheres，并且学习cross-linked产品的biocompatibility和biodegradability的crosslinkers哈。方法:是的生物医学的材料的ISO10993.1安全评估一本参考书，做溶血测试，经皮的刺激测试，vitro降级测试，和降级产品的尖锐毒性测试，和分析。结果:HA-STMPcross-linked产品没把溶血，没有激怒，没有尖锐全身的毒性，而是HA-ADH有温和皮肤激怒和不利尖锐全身的毒性。HA-STMPcross-linked产品HAse和曲线上的有的更低的敏感是flatting。随HA-STMP结果被结构分析改变的降级时间的增加，这些房间的降级产品不是毒性。结论:有到水解作用的更好的biocompatibility和更好的抵抗的HA-STMPcross-linked产品能推迟降级时间，它对可被细菌破坏的药搬运人的准备合适。

简介：Objective:Preparecross-linkedHAgelswithhighermechanicalstability,lowerdegradationvelocityanddesirablebiocompatibility,soastoextendtheusageofHA.Method:1.TestmolecularweightofHA(MrHA)byviscosimetry;2.Preparecross-linkedHAgelsbyDVS,GTA,DEC;3.Discussthecross-linkinganddegradationprocedure;4,evaluatethebiocompatibilityofthebestHAgels.Results:ThemechanicalstabilityanddurabilitytodegradationofHA-DVSgelsaresuperiortothoseofothergels,andwhenHA:DVS=40:1(g/g),at35℃andin0.2MNaOHsolution,theHA-DVSgelshowsthebestmechanicalstability,anditscytotoxicityreachesclassI,hemolysisratioislowerthan5%.Conclusion:OurHADVSgelcanbeusedtopreparebiologicscaffolds.

简介：TheaimofthisstudyistoreviewtheexistenceevidenceofInformalCross-BorderTrade’s(ICBT)impacttotheTanzaniaeconomyandsuggeststrategicpolicyrecommendationstoGovernment,RegionalEconomicCommunities,andDevelopmentPartnersonthebestapproachinaddressingtheissueofICBTinTanzaniawithitsfour-selectedborderregionandneighboringcountrieswithinEastAfricanCommunity(EAC).Theobjectivehasbeenattainedbyidentifyingfactorscontributingtotheexistence&riseofICBTandbydoinganalysisonthegeneralcharacteristicsofICBTanditstrendinselectedborderregionswheretheissueofICBTiscrucial.Finally,thisarticlesuggestspolicymeasuresthataimatreducingincreasenumberoftradebarriers,i.e.,Non-TariffsBarriers(NTBs)henceincreasethegrowthofformaltradesectorandwidenmoretradeopportunitiesintheregionandattheglobalmarket.

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简介：Objective:Toobservetherevascularizationandtheopportunityofcross-fingerflap.Methods:Ananimalmodelwasdevelopedtopermitdailymonitoringofneovascularizationoftheflapwithautoradiography,tissuetransparenttechnique,grossobservationandhistologicalexamination.Results:Therevascularizationoftheflapwaschieflyraisedfromthesurroundingtissues.Thepediclesof334cross-fingerflapsofthepatientsweresuccessfullydividedfrom1to5dafteroperations,averagely3.3d.Allofthecasesshowedsatisfatoryresultsaccordingtoafollow-upsurveyof3to72mon.theresultsfurtherprovedthattherevascularizationofthecross-fingerflapshadaccomplishedwithin3d.Conclusions:Itsuggeststhatthedivisionofacrossfingerflapcanbecarriedoutbetweenthe3rdand5thdayafteroperationwithahighdegreeofsafety.

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